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A
AA : Application Association 
AAL : ATM Adaptation Layer 
ABM : Asynchronous Balanced Mode 
ABR : Area Border Router 
ABR : Available Bit Rate 
ABT : ATM Block Transfer 
AC : Alternating Current 
AC : Application Context 
ACCPR : Adjacent Channel Coupled Power Ratio 
ACD : Automatic Call Distribution 
ACF : Access Control Field 
ACF : Advanced Communications Facility 
ACIPR : Adjacent Channel Interface Power Ratio 
ACK : ACKnowledgement 
ACL : Advanced CMOS Logic 
ACM : Address Complete Message 
ACR : Allowed Cell Rate 
AD : Analog-to-Digital 
ADM : Add/Drop Multiplexers 
ADPCM : Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 
ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 
ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop 
AE : Application Entity 
AES : Advanced Encryption Standard 
AF : Assured Forwarding 
AF : Audio Frequency 
AFC : Automatic Frequency Control 
AFNOR : Association Francaise de normalisation 
AFR : Active Feedback Resonator 
AGC : Automatic Gain Control 
AI : Artificial Intelligence 
AIM : ATM Inverse Multiplexer 
AIN : Advanced Intelligent Network 
AIR : Additive Increase Rate 
AIS : Alarm Indication Signal 
AIS-E : Alarm Indication Signal-External 
ALC : Automatic Level Control 
ALU : Arithmetic Logic Unit 
ALS : Application Layer Structure 
AM : Amplitude Modulation 
AMA : Automatic Message Accounting 
AMI : Alternate Mark Inversion 
AMPS : Advanced Mobile Phone Service 
AMR : Automatic Meter Reading 
ANI : Automatic Number Identification 
ANM : Answer Message 
ANS : American National Standard 
ANS : Advanced Networks and Services 
ANSI : American National Standards Institute 
AO/DI : Always On/Dynamic ISDN 
AOW : Asia-Oceania Workshop 
AP : Application Process 
APAN : Asia Pacific Advanced Network 
APB : Available Path Bandwidth 
API : Application Programming Interface 
APON : ATM Passive Optical Network 
APPL : Analog PLL 
APPN : Advanced Peer to Peer Network 
ARC : Administrative Radio Conference 
ARE : All Routes Explorer 
ARIS : Aggregate Route-based IP Swithcing 
ARM : Application Resource Manager 
ARP : Address Resolution Protocol 
ARPA : Advanced Research Projects Agency 
ARQ : Automatic Repeat reQuest 
ARS : Audio Respone System 
APE : Application Protocol Entity 
AS : Autonomous System 
ASAP : Application Service Access Point 
ASBR : Autonomous System Boundary Router 
ASC : AIN Switch Capabilities 
ASCII : American Standard Code for Information Interchange 
ASE : Application Service Element 
ASIC : Application Specific Integrated Circuit 
ASK : Amplitude Shift Keying 
ASN : Abstract Service Notation 
ASN.1 : Abstract Syntax Notation.1 
ASON : Automatically Switched Optical Channel Networks 
ASP : Abstract Service Primitive 
ASP : Application Service Provider 
ASRM : Abstract System Reference MOdel 
ASSP : Application Specific Standard Product 
ASTN : Automatically Switched Transport Network 
ATD : Asynchronous Time Division 
ATM : Asynchronous Transfer Mode 
ATMARP : ATM Address Resolution Protocol 
ATS : Abstract Test Suite 
ATSC : Advanced Television Systems Committee 
AU : Access Unit 
AUI : Attachment Unit Interface 
AUP : Acceptable Use Policy 
AUU : ATM User-to-User 
AV : Audio Visual 
AVC : Automatic Volume Control 
AWC : Automatic Answer Circuit 
AWGN : Additive White Gaussian Noise 

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B
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B2B : Business to Business 
BA : Branch Amplifier 
BAAP : Buenos Aires Action Plan 
BASIC : Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 
BBC : broadband Bearer Capability 
BBS : Bulletin Board Service 
BBS : Bulletin Board System 
BC : Bearer Capability 
BCBDS : Broadband Connectionless Data Bearer Service 
BCD : Binary Coded Decimal 
BCDMA : Broad Band CDMA 
B-Channel : Bearer Channel 
BCOB : Broadband Class of Bearer 
BCS : British Computer Society 
BCP : Business Continuity Planning 
BCU : Broadcast Control Unit 
BECN : Backward Explicit Congestion Notification 
BER : Bit Error Rate 
BETRS : Basic Exchange Telecommunication Radio Service 
BEV : Billion Electron Volts 
BGP : Border Gateway Protocol 
BGT : Broadcast and Group Translators 
B-ICI : Broadband Inter Carrier Interface 
B-ICI SAAL : B-ICI Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer 
BIND : Berkeley Internet Name Domain 
BIOS : Basic Input Output System 
BIP : Bit Interleaved Parity 
B-ISDN : Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network 
BISSI : Broadband Inter Switching System Interface 
B-ISUP : Broadband ISDN User's Part 
BISYNC : BInary SYNchronous Communication 
B-LLI : Broadband Low layer Information 
BMA : Broadcast Multiple Access 
BN : Bridge Number 
BNC : Baby N Connector 
B-NT : Broadband Network Termination 
BOF : Birds of Feather 
BOM : Beginning of Message 
BOOTP : Bootstrap Protocol 
BPDU : Bridge Protocol Data Unit 
BPF : Bandpass Filter 
BPI : Bits Per Inch 
BPML : Business Process Modeling Language 
BPP : Bridge port Pair 
BPS : Bits per Second 
BPSK : Binary Phase Shift Keying 
BPSS : Business Process Specification Scheme 
BRA : Basic Rate Access 
BRI : Basic Rate Interface 
BSC : Binary Synchronous Communication 
BSD UNIX : Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX 
BSP : Business Service Provider 
BSVC : broadcast switched Virtual Connections 
BT : British Telecom 
BTAG : Begin Tag 
B-TE : broadband Terminal equipment 
BTS : Base Transceiver Station 
BUS : Broadcast and Unknown Server 
BW : Bandwidth 
BWS : Broadcasting WebSite 

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C
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C/N : Carrier to Noise Ratio 
CA : Cell Arrival 
CAC : Call Admission Control 
CAC : Connection Admission Control 
CAD/CAM : Computer Assisted Design/ Manufacturing 
CADN : Cellular Acccess Digital Network 
CAE : Computer Aided Engineering 
CAI : Computer Aided Instruction 
CAI : Common Air Interference 
CALS : Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support 
CAM : Computer Aided Manufacturing 
CANARIE : Canadian Network for Advancement of Research, Industry and education 
CAP : Carrierless Amplitude Phase 
CAS : Channel Associated Signaling 
CASE : Common Application Software Element 
CASE : Computer Aided Systems Engineering 
CAT : Computer Aided Translation 
CATV : Community Antenna TeleVision (alias Cable Television) 
CAV : Constant Angular Velocity 
CBD : Component Based Development 
CBDS : Connectionless Broadband Data Services 
CBQ : Class Based Queuing 
CBR : Constant Bit Rate 
CBT : Computer Based Training 
CBT : Core Based Tree 
CC : Continuity Cell 
CC : Condition Code 
CC : Connection Confirm 
CCB : Configuration Control Board 
CCD : Charge Coupled Device 
CCI : Common Client Interface 
CCIRN : Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networking 
CCITT : International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee 
CCP : Channel Change Protocol 
CCR : Current Cell Rate 
CCR : Configuration Change Request 
CC-RA : Common Criteria Recognition Arrangement 
CCS :Ccommon Channel Signaling 
CCSS7 : Common Channel Signaling System 7 
CCTV : Closed Circuit TeleVision 
CD : Compact Disc 
CD-A : Compact Disc Audio 
CDDI : Copper Distributed Data Interface 
CD-I : Compact Disc Interactive 
CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access 
CDPD : Cellular Digital Packet Data 
CD-R : Compact Disc-Recordable 
CD-ROM : Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory 
CDS : Cell Directory Service 
CDSL : Consumer Digital Subscriber Line 
CDT : Cell Delay Tolerance 
CDV : Cell Delay Variation 
CDVT : Cell Delay Variation Tolerance 
CEI : Connection Endpoint Identifier 
CEN : Comite Europeene de Normalisation 
CENELEC : European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization 
CEO : Chief Executive Officer 
CER : Cell Error Ratio 
CER : Circuit Emulation Service 
CES : Circuit Emulation Service 
CEF : Call for Proposals 
CG : Computer Graphics 
CGA : Color Graphics Adapter 
CGI : Computer Graphics Interface 
CGI : Common Gateway Interface 
CGM : Computer Graphics Metafile 
CHAP : Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol 
CI : Congestion Indicator 
CIB : CRC Indication Bit 
CIBER : Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange Record 
CIC : Carrier Identification Code 
CIDR : Classless Inter Domain Routing 
CIE : NHRP Client Information Element 
CIP : Carrier Idenfication Parameter 
CLP : Classical IP over ATM 
CIR : Committed Information Rate 
CISC : Complex Instruction-Set Computer 
CL : Connectionless 
CL : Current Loop 
CLAD : Cell Assembly And Disassembly 
CLNAP : Connectionless Network Access Ptotocol 
CLNP : Connectionless Network Protocol 
CLNP : Connectionless Network Protocol 
CLNS : Connectionless Network Service 
CLP : Cell Loss Priority 
CLR : Cell Loss Ratio 
CLS : Connectionless Server 
CLSF : Connectionless Service Function 
CLTP : ConnectionLess Transport Protocol 
CLV : Constant Linear Velocity 
CMC : Cellular Mobile Carrier 
CME : Component Management Entity 
CMI : Coded Mark Inversion 
CMIP : Common Management Information Protocol 
CMIS : Common Management Information Service 
CMISE : Common Management Information Service Element 
CMM : Capability Maturity Model 
CMOS RAM : Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Random Access Memory 
CMOT : Common Management information protocol Over TCP/IP 
CMR : Cell Misinsertion Rate 
CN : Copy Network 
CNM : Customer Network Management 
CNS : Car Navigation System 
CO : Central Office 
CO : Connection Oriented 
COD : Connection Oriented Data 
CODEC : Coder/Decoder 
COM : Continuation of Message 
COBOL : Common Business Oriented Language 
COBRA : Common Object Request Broker Architecture 
CoS : Class of Service or Classes of Services 
COS : Corperation for Open Systems International 
COSINE : Cooperation for Open Systems Interconnection Networking in Europe 
CP : Connection Processor 
CP : Control Plane 
CPCS : Common Part Convergence Sublayer 
CPE : Customer Premises Equipment 
CPFSK : Continuous Phase frequency Shift Keying 
CPI : Common Part Indicator 
CPN : Calling Party Number 
CPN : Customer Premises Network 
CPS : Content Provider System 
CPU : Central Processing Unit 
CQM : Channel Quality Measurement 
Crankback IE : Crankback-Information Element 
CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Check 
CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Code 
CRCG : Common Routing Connection Group 
CR-LDP : Constraint-based Routing LDP 
CRM : Customer Relationship Management 
CRT : Cathode Ray Tube 
CS : Convergence Sublayer 
CS : Carrier Selection 
CS1 : Capability Set One 
CS2 : Capability Set Two 
CSA : Carrier Serving Area 
CSI : Convergence Sublayer Indication 
CSMA/CD : Carrier Sence Multiple Access with Collision Detection 
CSP : Computer Service Provider 
CSPDN : Circuit Switched Public Data Network 
CSPF : Constraint-based Shortest Path First 
CSR : Cell Missequenced Ratio 
CSR : Cell Switch Router 
CSU : Channel Service Unit 
CT : Cordless Telephone 
CT2 : Cordless Telephone 2 
CTD : Cell Transfer Delay 
CTI : Computer Telephony Integration 
CTIA : Cellular Telecommunication Industry Association 
CTP : Connection Termination Point 
CTR : Common Technical Regulations 
CTS : Conformance Testing Service 
CTV : Cell Tolerance Variation 
CUG : Closed Users Group 
CUI : character User Interface 
CVSM : Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation 
CV : Constant Voltage 
CW : Continuous Wave 

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DA : Destination MAC address 
DA : Destination Address 
D/A : Digital to Analog 
DAB : Digital Audio Broadcasting 
DAC : Digital-Analog Converter 
DAMPS : Digital AMPS 
DAL : Data Access Line 
DANTE : Delivery of Advanced Netwrok Technology to Europe 
DAP : Directory Access Protocol 
DARC : Data Radio Channel 
DARPA : Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency 
DAS : Direct Attached Storage 
DAT : Digital Audio Tape 
DAVIC : Digital Audio Visual Council 
dB : Decibel 
dBc : Decibel below carrier 
DBMS : Data Base Management System 
dBm : Decibel(relative to 1mW) 
DBM : Direct Balanced Mixer 
DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 
DBR : Data Burst Randmizer 
DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 
DBS : Direct Broadcast Satellites 
DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 
dBW : Decibel(relative to 1 Watt) 
DC : Device Control 
DC : Direct Current 
DCC : Data Country Code 
DCC : Digital Color Code 
DCE : Data Communication Equipment 
D-Channel : Data Channel 
DCS : Digital Cellular System 
DCT : Discrete Cosine Tranform 
DD : Depacketization Delay 
DDCMP : Digital Data Communication Message Protocol 
DDD : Direct Distance Dialing 
DDN : Defence Data Network 
DDS : Dataphone Digital Services 
DE : Discard Eligible 
DECT : Digital Enhanced Cordless Technologies 
DECT : Digital European Cordless Telephone 
DES : Data Encryption Standard 
DES : Destination End System 
DFS : Distributed File Service 
DFT : Discrete Fourier Transform 
DHCP : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 
DIC : Digital Interface Card 
DIMM : Dual Inline Memory Module 
DIN : Deutsches Institute for Normung 
DOI : Digital Object Identifier 
DIP : Dual Inline Package 
DIS : Draft International Standard 
DiffServ : Differentiated Service 
DLC : Data Link Control 
DLC : Digital Loop Carrier 
DLCI : Data Link Connection Identifier 
DLL : Data Link Layer 
DLSw : Data Link Switching 
DMA : Direct Memory Address 
DMDD : Distributed Multiplexing Distributed Demultipexing 
DMM : Digital Multi Meter 
DMT : Discrete Multi-Tone 
DN : Distribution Network 
DNS : Domain Name System 
DOI : Digital Object Identifier 
DOCSIS : Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification 
DOS : Disk Operating System 
DP : Dial Pulse 
DP : Data Processing 
DPLL : Digital PLL 
DPSK : Differential Phase Shift Keying 
DQDB : Dual Queue Dual Bus (IEEE 80.6 Metropolitan Area Network protocol) 
DQPSK : Differentially encoded Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 
DR : Digit receiver 
DR : Dynamic Range 
DRAM : Dynamic Random Access Memory 
DREN : Defence Research and Engineering Network 
DRM : Digital Rights Management 
DS : Differentiated Service 
DS0 : Digital Signal Level 0 
DS1 : Digital Siganal Level 1 
DS3 : Digital Signal Level 3 
DS : Direct Sequence 
DSA : Differentiated Service Architecture 
DSBM : Designated Subnet Bandwidth Manager 
DSE: Distributed Single Layer Embedded Test Method 
DSID : Destination Signaling Identifier 
DSL : Digital Subscriber Line 
DSL : Digital Subscriber Loop 
DSLAM : Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer 
DSMA/CD : Digital Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect 
DSM-CC : Digital Storage Media-Control Commands 
DSO : Document Services Office 
DSP : Digital Signal Processing 
DSR : Distributed Speech Recognition 
DSRM : DAVIC System Reference Model 
DSU : Digital Service Unit 
DSVD : Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data 
DTD : Document Type Definition 
DTE : Data Terminal Equipment 
DTMF : Dual Tone Multi Frequency 
DTP : Distributed Transaction Processing 
DTR : Data Terminal Ready 
DTS : Distributed Time Service 
DTTB : Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting 
DVB : Digital Video Broadcast 
DVD : Digital Video Disk 
DVI : Digital Video Interactive 
DVMRP : Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol 
DWDM : Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing 
DWMT : Discrete Wavelet Multi-Tone 
DXI : Data Exchange Interface 

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EACK : Extended ACKnowledgement 
EAI : Enterprise Application Integration 
EBCDIC : Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 
EBON : European Backbone Network 
EC : European Community 
ECC : Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem 
ECC : Error Correcting Code 
ECL : Emitter Coupled Logic 
ECM : Entitlement Control Message 
ECMA : European Computer Manufactures Association 
ECSA : Exchange Carriers Standards Association 
EDB : Enhanced Digital Broadcast 
EDI : Electronic Data Interchange(전자문서 교환) 
EDMS : Electronic Document Management System 
EFCI : Explicit Forward Congestion Indicator 
EDMS : Electronic Document Management System(전자문서 관리 시스템) 
EGA : Enhanced Graphics Adapter 
EGP : Exterior Gateway Protocol 
EIA : Electronics Industry Association 
EII : European Information Infrastructure 
ELAN : Emulated LAN 
ELF : Extremly Low Frequency 
E-MAIL : Electronic Mail 
EMC : Electromagnetic Compatibility 
EMF : Electromagnetic Field 
EMI : Electromagnetic Interference 
EMR : Electromagnetic Radiation 
EMS : Expanded Memory Specification 
ENIAC : Electronic Numerical Integrater and Computer 
EO : End Office 
EOM : End of Message 
EOT : End Of Transmission 
EPD : Early Packet Discard 
EPROM : Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory 
EROD : Erasable Rewritable Optical Disc 
ERP : Enterprise Resource Planning 
ESM : Enterprise Security Management 
E-TACS : Extended Total Access Communication System 
E-TDMA : Enhanced TDMA(with DSI-Digital Speech Interpolation) 
ETAG : End Tag 
ETE : End-to-End 
ETRI : Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute 
ETSI : European Telecommunications Standards Institute 
EV : Electron Volt 
EWOS : European Workshop for Open System 
EXM : Exit Message 

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FA : Forwarding Adjacency 
FAQ : Frequently Asked Questions 
FC : feedback Control 
FCC : Federal Communications Commission 
FCFS : First-Come First-Service 
FCS : Fast Circuit Switching 
FCS : Frame Ckeck Sequence 
FDC : Floppy Disk Controller 
FDD : Floppy Disk Drive 
FDD : Frequency Division Duplex 
FDDI : Fiber Distribution Data Interface 
FDM : Frequency Division Multiplexing 
FDMA : Frequency Division Multiple Access 
FEBE : Far End Block Error 
FEC : Forward Error Correction 
FECN : Forward Explicit Congestion Notification 
FEP : Front-End Processor 
FER : frame Error Rate 
FERF : Far End Receive Failure 
FF : Flip Flop 
FFOL : FDDI Follow-On LAN 
FFT : Fast Fourier Transform 
FH : Fiber Hub 
FIFO : First In First Out 
FILO : First In Last Out 
FIN : FINish flag 
FIPA : Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agent 
FM : Frequency Modulation 
FOCC : Forward Analog Control Channel 
FOD : Fax On Demand 
FORTRAN : FORmula TRANslation 
FP : Floating Point 
FPLMTS : Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication System 
FPU : Floating Point Unit 
FR : Frame Relay 
FRS : Frame Relay Service 
FSK : Frequency Shift Keying 
FTP : File Transfer Protocol 
FTR : Full Text Retrieval 
FTTB : Fiber To The Building 
FTTC : Fiber To The Curb 
FTTH : Fiber To The Home 
FUNI : Frame User Network Interface 
FTTO : Fiber To The Office 
FVC : Forward Analog Voice Channel 
FYI : For Your Information 

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G
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GaAs : Gallium Arsenide 
GAP : Generic Address Parameter 
GATT : General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 
GBBC : GSM Baseband Codec 
GCID : Global Call Identifier 
GCID-IE : Global Call Identifier-Information Element 
GCRA : Generic Cell Rate Algorithm 
GDMO : Guidelines for Definition of Managed Objects 
GDS : Global Directory Service 
GFC : Generic Flow Control 
GFLOPS : Billions of FLOating Point operations per Second 
GFSK : gaussian frequency Shif Keying 
GGP : Gateway to Gateway Protocol 
GHz : Giga Hertz 
GIF : Graphics Interchange Format 
GII : Global Information Infrastructure 
GIPS : Giga Instruction Per Second 
GIS : Geographic Information System 
GKS : Graphical Kernel System 
GMPCS : Global Mobile Personal Communications System 
GMPLS : Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching 
GMSK : Gaussian-filtered Minimum Shift Keying 
GND : GrouND 
GOLD : GSM One-Chip Logic Device 
GOSIP : Government Open Ssystems Interconnection Profile 
GPIP : General Purpose Interface Bus 
GPS : Global Positoning System 
GRC : Generic Reference Configuration 
GSM : Global System for Mobile Communications 
GUI : Graphical User Interface 
GW : Giga Watt 

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HAL : Hardwired Array Logic 
HAN : Highly Advanced National project 
HAN : Home ATM Network 
HBT : Heterojucion Bipolar Transistor 
HC : High speed Cmos 
HCC : Host Call Control 
HCI : Human Computer Interaction 
HCPI : Higher Layer Protocol Identifier 
HCT : High speed Cmos Ttl thresholds 
HD : High density 
HDB3 : High Density Bipolar 3 
HDD : Hard Disk Drive 
HDML : Handheld Device Markup Language 
HDLC : High-level Data Link Control 
HDSL : High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line 
HDTP : Handheld Device Transport Protocol 
HDTV : High Definition TeleVision 
HDX : Half Duplex 
HE : HeadEnd 
HEC : Header Error Check 
HEC : Header Error Control 
HEL : Header Extension Length 
HF : High Frequency 
HFC : Hybrid Fiber Coaxial 
HFR : Hybrid Fiber Radio 
HFS : Hierachical File System 
HGML : Hyper Graphics Markup Language 
HIC : Hybrid Integrated Circuit 
HIPPI : High Performance Parallel Interface 
HLPI : Higher Layer Protocol Identifier 
HLR : Home Location Register 
HMSC : Human Machine Service Consumer 
HOL : Head of Line 
HPF : High Pass Filter 
HPC : Hand Held PC 
HSM : Hierarchical Storage Management 
HSSI : High-Speed Serial Interface 
HSTP : High Speed Transfer Protocol 
HTML : HyperText Markup Language 
HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol 
HW : Hardware 
Hz : Hertz 

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I
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IAA : Initial Address Acknowledgment 
IAB : Internet Architecture Board 
IAM : Initial Address Message 
IANA : Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 
IAR : Initial Address Reject 
IBSP : Internet Business Solutions Provider 
IC : Initial Cell Rate 
IC : Intergrated Circuit 
ICCB : Internet Control and Configuration Board 
ICD : International Code Designator 
ICMP : Internet Control Message Protocol 
ICW : Interactive Courseware 
IDB : Interactive Digital Broadcast 
IDC : Internet Data Center 
IDE : Intergrated Device Electronics 
IDE : Intelligent Drive Electronics 
IDL : interface Definition Language 
IDSL : ISDN Digital Subscriber Line 
IDU : Interface Data Unit 
IE : Information Element 
IEC : International Electrotechnical Committee 
IEEE : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 
IEN : Internet Engineering Notes 
IESG : Internet Engineeting Steering Group 
IETF : Internet Engineering Task Force 
IF : Intermediate Frequency 
IFF : Interfrequency Filter 
IFFF : Inverse Fast Fourier Transform 
IGMP : Internet Group Multicast Protocol 
IGP : Interior Gateway Protocol 
IIR : Infinite Impulse Response(filter) 
IISP : Information Infrastructure 
ILEC : Independent Local Exchange Carrier 
ILMI : Interim Link Management Interface 
ILMI : Interim Local Management Interface 
IM : Intermodulation 
IMD :Intermodulation Distortion 
IME : Interface Management Entity 
IMR : Intermodulation Distortion Ratio 
IMT2000: International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 
IMTC : International Multimedia Teleconferencing Cosortium 
IN : Intelligent Network 
INOC : Internet Network Operations Center 
I/O : Input/Output 
ION : Internetworking Over NBMA(Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) 
IP : Intelligent Peripheral 
IP : Internet Protocol 
IP : Information Provider 
IP : Intercept Point 
IPCF : International Powerline Communications Forum 
IPF : International Powerline Forum 
IPng : Internet Protocol Next Generation 
IPOA : Ip over ATM 
IPv4 : Internet Protocol version 4 
IPv6 : Internet Protocol version 6 
I-PNNI : Integrated Private Network Network Interface 
IPX : Internet Packet eXchange 
IRC : Internet Relay Chat 
IRTF : Internet Research Task Force 
ISDB : Integrated Service Digital Broadcasting 
ISDN : Integrated Services Data Network 
IS-IS : Intermediate System to Intermediate System 
ISM : Industrial scientific Medical(frequency band) 
ISN : Information Systems Network 
ISO : International Standard Organization 
ISOC : Internet Society 
ISP : Internet Service Provider 
ISSLL : Integrated Services over Specific Link Layers 
ISUP : ISDN User PART 
IT : Information Technology 
ITI : Internet Telephony Integration 
ITS : Intelligent Traffic System 
ITU-T : International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications sector 
IWF : Interworking Function 
IWU : Interworking Unit 

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JDC : Japanese Digital Carrier 
JIS : Japan Industrial Standard 
JISC : Japan Industrial Standards Association 
JPEG : Joint Photographic Expert Group 
JSA : Japan Standards Association 
JTAPI : Java Telephony Application Programmable Interface 
JTC-1 : Joint Technical Committee-1 
JUG : Joint Users Group 

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K
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K : Kilo 
KA : KiloAmpere 
KBS : Korea Bureau of Standards 
KBPS : KiloBits Per Second 
KEV : Kilo Electron Volts 
KII : Korea Information Infrastructure 
KMS : Knowledge Management System 
KOD : Karaoke on Demand 
KORNET : KORea backbone NETwork for Internet Connectivity 
KREONet : Korea Research Environment Open Network 
KREN : Korea Education Network 
KT : Korea Telecom 
KTS : Key Telephone System 
KVA : Kilo Volt Amperes 
KWH : Kilo Watt Hours 

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L
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L2TP : Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol 
LAN : Local Area Network 
LANE : LAN Emulation 
LAPB : Link Access Procedure Balanced 
LAPD : Link Access Procedure on D channel 
LAT : Local-Area Transport 
LATA : Local Access and Transport Area 
LB : Leaky Bucket 
LCD : Liquid Crystal Display 
LCM : Long Code Mask 
LD : LAN Destination 
LDAP : Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 
LD-CELP : Low Delay Code Exited Linear Prediction 
LDP : Label Distribution Protocol 
LE : LAN Emulation 
LE-ARP : LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol 
LEC : Local Exchange Carrier 
LEC : LAN Emulation Client 
LECID : LAN Emulation Client Identifier 
LECS : LAN Emulation Configuration Server 
LED : Light Emitting Diode 
LEO : Low Earth Orbit 
LES : LAN Emulation Server 
LF : Loop Filter 
LF : Low Frequency 
LFSR : Linear Feedback Shift Register 
LIFO : Last In First Out 
LIJP : Leaf Initiated Joint Parameters 
LIS : Logical IP Subnetwork 
LIV : Link Integrity Verification 
LLATMI : Lower Layer ATM Interface 
LLC : Logical Link Control 
LLC/SNAP : Logical Link Control/Subnetwork Access Protocol 
LMCS : Local Multipoint Communication Service 
LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution Service 
LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution System 
LMI : Layer Management Interface 
LMP : Link Management Protocol 
LNA : Local Numbering Area 
LOC : Loss of Cell delineation 
LOF : Loss of Frame 
LOS : Line Of Sight 
LOS : Loss of Signal 
LP : Low Pass 
LPC : Linear Predictive Coding 
LPC : Line Per Channel 
LPF : Low Pass Filter 
LPLL : Linear PLL 
LSA : Link State Advertisement 
LSB : Least Significant Bit 
LSD : Least Significant Digit 
LSI : Large-Scale Integrated Circuit 
LSP : Label Switched Path 
LSP : Line Spectral Pair 
LSR : Label Switching Router 
LSR : Leaf Setup Request 
LT : Lower Tester 
LTE : Line Terminating Equipment 
LTH : Length Field 
LTV : Life Time Value 
LW : Long Wave 

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M
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M2M : Marketplace to Marketplace 
MA : Maintenance and Adaptation 
MAC : Medium Access Control 
MAC : Mobile Attenuation Code 
MAHO : Mobile Assisted Handoff 
MAN : Metropolitan Area Network 
MANET : Mobile Ad-hoc Network 
MARS : Multicast Address Resolution Server 
MB : MegaBytes 
MBONE : Multicast backBONE 
MBPS : Million Bytes Per Second 
MBS : Maximum Burst Size 
MBS : Mobile Broadband Service 
MC : Motion Compensation 
MCA : Multi Channel Access 
MCIS : Microsoft Commertial Internet System 
MCNS : Multimedia Cable Network System 
MCR : Minimum Cell Rate 
MCS : Multicast Server 
MCTD : Mean Cell Transfer Delay 
MCU : Master Control Unit 
MDSB : Mobile Data Base Station 
MDSL : Multi-rate Digital Subscriber Line 
ME : Mapping Entity 
MESFET : Metal Schottky FET 
MFSK : Multi Frequency Shift Keying 
MGCP : Media Gateway Control Protocol 
MHEG : Multimedia/Hypermedia information coding Expert Group 
MHP : Multimedia Home Platform 
MHS : Message Handling System 
MIB : Management Information Base 
MID : Message Identifier 
MIDI : Multiple Instrument Digital Interface 
MIDI : Music Instrument Digital Interface 
MILNET : MILitary NETwork 
MIME : Muti-purpose Internet Mail Extensions 
MIN : Mobile Identification Number 
MIN : Multistage Interconnection Networks 
MIPS : Millions of Instruments Per Second 
MISP : Mobile Internet Service Provider 
MIR : Maximum Information rate 
MLPPP : MultiLink Point-to-Point Protocol 
MMDS : Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service 
MMDS : Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System 
MMF : Multimode Fiber 
MMIC : Monolithic Microwave IC 
MMU : Memory Management Unit 
MMX : Multi-Media Extension 
MOD : Movies on Demand 
MOD : Music on Demand 
MODEM : MOdulator and DEModulator 
MOM : Message Oriented Middleware 
MOS : Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET 
MOSFET : Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET 
MOSPF : Multicast extensions to OSPF 
MPC : Multimedia Personal Computer 
MPC : MPOA Client 
MPEG : Moving Picture Experts Group 
MPEG-TS : MPEG-Transport Stream 
MPLS : Multi-Protocol Label Switching 
MPOA : MultiProtocol Over ATM 
MPS : MPOA Server 
MPU : Maximum Transmission Unit 
MPU : Micro Processing Unit 
MPU : Main Processing Unit 
MRCS : Multi-rate Circuit Switching 
MRO : Maintenance Repair and Operating 
MRP : Material Resource Planning 
MS : Meta signaling 
MS : Mobile Sation 
MSA : Metropolitan Service Area 
MSAP : Management Service Access Point 
MSB : Most Significant Bit 
MSC : Mobile Switching Center 
MSD : Most Significant Digit 
MS-DOS : MicroSoft Disk Operating System 
MSIN : Mobile Station Identification Number 
MSK : Minimum Shift Keying 
MSN : Monitoring cell Sequence Number 
MSO : Multiple System Operator 
MSS : Maximum Segment Size 
MSVC : Meta-signaling Virtual Channel 
MT : Machine Translation 
MT : Message Type 
MTP : Message Transfer Part 
MTP : Multicast Transport Protocol 
MTS : Message Telecommunications Service 
MTSO : Mobile Telephone Switching Office 
MTU : Maximum Transmission Unit 
MTU : Message Transfer Unit 
MUSICAM : Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Sub-band Integrated Coding and Multiplexing 
MVDS : Microwave Video Distribution System 
MWIF : Mobile Wireless Internet Forum 

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N
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NA : Network Aspects 
NAK : Negative Acknowledgement 
NAM : Number Assignment Module 
NAMPS : Narrow Band AMPS 
NANOG : North American Network Operators Group 
NAP : Network Access Provider 
NAPLPS : North American Presentation Level Protocol Syntax 
NAS : Network Application Support 
NAS : Network Access Server 
NAS : Network Attached Storage 
NASA : National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
NAT : Network Address Translation 
NBMA : Non-Broadcast Multiple Access 
NBS : National Bureau of Standards 
NC : Network Computer 
NCDMA : Narrow Band CDMA 
NCS : Network Computing System 
NDIS : Network Driver Interface Specification 
NE : Network Element 
NetBIOS : Network Basic Input/Output System 
NETBLT : NETwork Block Transfer 
NFS : Network File System 
NGI : Next Generation Internet 
NHC : Next Hop Client 
NHOP : Next Hop 
NHRP : Next Hop Resolution Protocol 
NHS : Next Hop Server 
NI : Network Interconnect 
NIC : Network Interface Card 
NIC : Network Information Center 
NID : Network Identification 
NII : National Information Infrastructure 
NiPC : Network Integrated PC 
NIIT : National Information Infrastructure Testbed 
N-ISDN : Narrowband ISDN 
NIST : National Institute of Standards and Technology 
NIU : Network Interface Unit 
NLSP : NetWare Link State Protocol 
NMS : Network Management System 
NMT : Nordic Mobile Telecommunication System 
NNI : Nederlands Normalisatie-Institute 
NNI : Network to Network Interface 
NNI : Network Node Interface 
NNTP : Network News Transfer Protocol 
NOC : Network Operations Center 
NOI : Notice of Inquiry 
NOS : Network Operating System 
NP : Network Performance 
NPC : Network Parameter Control 
NPR : Noise Power Ratio 
NREN : National Research and Educational Network 
NRM : Network Resource Management 
NRT-VBR : Non-Real_Time Variable Bit Rate 
NRZ : Non Return to Zero 
NRZI : Non Return to Zero Invert 
NSAP : Network Service Access Point 
NSF : National Science Foundation 
NSFNET : National Science Foundation NETwork 
NSP : Network Service Provider 
NSR : Non-Source Routed 
NSTC : National Science and Technology Council 
NT : Network Terminator 
NTB : Network Time Protocol 
NTM : Network Traffic Management 
NTT : Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 
NTSC : National Television System Committee 
NVOD : Near Video On Demand 
NWN : National Wireless Network 

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Q
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OA : Office Automation 
OA&M : Operation, Administration and Maintenance 
OASIS : Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards 
OCC : Optical Channel Controller 
OC-n : Optical Carrier-level n 
OCR : Optical Character Recognition 
ODA : Open Document Architecture 
ODBC : Open DataBase Connectivity 
ODI : Open Data-link Interface 
ODIF : Open Document Interchange Format 
ODP : Open Distributed Processing 
ODSI : Optical Domain Service Interconnect 
OGIS : Open Geodata Interoperability Specification 
OIF : Optical Interworking Forum 
OLE : Object Linking and Embedding 
OLI : Originating Line Information 
OLTP : Online Transaction Processing 
OMG : Object Management Group 
ONA : Open Network Architecture 
ONC : Optical Network Controller 
ONU : Optical Network Unit 
OOD : Object-Oriented Design 
OODB : Object Oriented Data Base 
OOF : Out of Frame 
OOP : Object-Oriented Programming 
OPCR : Originating Program Clock Reference 
OQPSK : Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 
OS : Operating System 
OSF : Open Software Foundation 
OSI : Open Systems Interconnection 
OSID : Origination Signaling identifier 
OSP : Operator Service Provider 
OSPF : Open Shortest Path First 
OSS : Operator Service Switch 
OTN : Optical Transport Network 
OTP : Open Trading Protocol 
OUI : Organization Unique Idenfifier 
OUI : Organizational Unit Idenfifier 
OXC : Optical Cross Connect 

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P2P : Peer to Peer 
P3P : Platform for Privacy Preferences 
PAD : Packet Assembler/Disassembler 
PAL : Phase Alternation Line 
PAM : Pulse Amplitute Modulation 
PBX : Private Branch eXchange 
PC : Personal Computer 
PC : Priority Control 
PC : Protocol Control 
PCB : Printed Circuit Board 
PCI : Peripheral Component Interconnect 
PCI : Peripheral Component Interface 
PCM : Pulse Code Modulation 
PCMCIA : PC Memory Card International Association 
PCN : Personal Communications Network 
PCO : Point of Control and Observation 
PCR : Peak Cell Rate 
PCR : Program Clock Reference 
PCS : Personal Communication Services 
PCS : Personal Communication System 
PCVC : Point to Point Switched Virtual Connections 
PD : Packetization Delay 
PD : Phase Detector 
PDA : Personal Digital Assistant 
PDH : Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy 
PDM : Pulse Duration Modulation 
PDMS : Product Data Management System(제품 정보 시스템) 
PDN : Public Data Network 
PDU : packet Data Unit 
PDU : Protocol Data Unit 
PEM : Privacy Enchanced Mail 
PERT : Program Evaluation and Review Technique 
PF : Power Factor 
PG : Power Gain 
PGA : Power Grid Array 
PHP : Personal Handy Phone(Japan) 
PHS : Personal Hand phone System(Japan) 
PHY : Physical Layer of the OSI model 
PHY : Physical Layer 
PIA : Peripheral Interface Adapter 
PICS : Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement 
PID : Protocol Identifier Governing Connection Types 
PIM : Personal Information Manager 
PIM : Protocol Independent Muticast 
PIN : Positive Intrinsic Negative(diode) 
PING : Packet InterNet Groper 
PIXIT : Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing 
PL : Physical Layer 
PL : Power Level 
PLA : Programmable Logic Array 
PLC : Power Line Communications 
PLC : Programmable Logic Controller 
PLCP : Physical Layer Convergence Protocol 
PLD : Programmable Logic Device 
PLL : Phase Locked Loop 
PLM : Product Lifecycle Management 
PLMN : Public Land Mobile Network 
PLOA : Protocol Layers over ATM 
PLPC : Physical Layer Convergence Protocol 
PLT : Power Line Telecommunications 
PM : Phase Modulation 
PM : Physical Medium 
PM : Pulse Modulation 
PMD : Physical Layer Dependent sub-layer 
PNA : Phoneline Network Alliance 
PNG : Portable Network Graphics 
PNNI : Private Network Node Interface 
PNO : Public Network Operator 
PNP : Positive Negative Positive 
POD : Point Of Deployment 
POH : Path Overhead 
POI : Path Overhead Indicator 
PON : Passive Optical Network 
POP : Point of Presence 
POP : Post Office Protocol 
POS : Point of Sale 
POTS : Plain Old Telephone Service 
PPD : Partial Packet Discard 
PPM : Pulse Per Million 
PPP : Point-to-Point Protocol 
PPS : Pulse Per Second 
PRI : Primary Rate Interface 
PRM : Partner Relation Management 
PRN : Pseudo Random Noise 
PROM : Programmable Read Only Memory 
PSA : Professional Service Automation 
PSD : Power Spectral Density 
PSDN : Packet Switched Data Network 
PSG : Programmable Sound Generator 
PSK : Phase Shift Keying 
PSS : Performance Support System 
PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network 
PT : Payroad Type 
PT : Pocket Telephone 
PTF : Powerline Telecommunications Forum 
PTI : Payload Type Identifier 
PTN : Personal Telephone Number 
PUP : Parc Universal Packet 
PUREG : Power Up Registration 
PVC : Permanent Virtual Channel 
PVC : Permanent Virtual Circuit 
PVCC : Permanent Virtual Channel Connection 
PVP : Permanent Virtual Path 
PVPC : Permanent Virtual Path Connection 
PWM : Pulse Width Modulation 

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Q
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QA : Quality Assurance 
QAM : Quadrature Amplitute Modulation 
QC : Quality Control 
QD : Queuing Delay 
QFC : Quantum Flow Control 
QoS : Quality of Service 
QPSK : Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 
QPSX : Queue Packet and Synchronous Circuit Exchange 

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R&D : Research and Development 
RA : Radiocommunication Assembly 
RACE : Research and development in Advanced Communications technologies for Europe 
R-ADSL : Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line 
RAI : Remote Alarm Indication 
RAID : Redundant Array of Independent Disk 
RAM : Random Access Memory 
RAMP : Reliable Adaptive Milticast Protocol 
RARP : Reverse Address Resolution Protocol 
RASP : Remote Antenna Signal Processor 
RBB : Residential Broadband 
RBOC : Regional Bell Operating Company 
RC : Radio Control 
RC : Routing Control 
RCC : Radio Common Carrier 
RCU : Remote Cell Unit 
RD : Route Descriptor 
RDF : Remote Decrease Factor 
RDI : Remote Defect Idenfication 
RDI : Remote Defect Indication 
RDP : Reliable Datagram Protocol 
RDS : Radio Data System 
RECC : Reverse Analog Control Channel 
RED : Random Early Detection 
REL : Release Message 
RELP : Residual-Excited Linear Predictive Coding 
RF : Radio Frequency 
RFC : Request For Comments 
RFI : Radio Frequency Interference 
RFIC : Radio Frequency IC 
RGB : Red-Green-Blue 
RI : Routing Information 
RII : Routing Information Indicator 
RIP : Routing Information Protocol 
RITL : Radio-in-the-Loop 
RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer 
RJE : Remote Job Entry 
RLC : Release Computer 
RM : Resource Management 
RMFP : Reliable Multicast Framing Protocol 
RMP : Reliable Multicast Framework 
RMS : Root Mean Square 
ROADS : Running Out of ADress Space 
ROM : Read Only Memory 
ROLC : Routing Over Large Clouds 
RPC : Remote Procedure Call 
RPE-LTP : Regular Pulse Excitation-Long Term Prediction 
RPM : Revolutions Per Minute 
RSA : Rural Service Area 
RSSI : Radio Signal Strength Indicator 
RSVP : ReSource reserVation Protocol 
RT : Real Time 
RT : Remote Terminal 
RTCP : RTP Control Protocol 
RTD : Research & Technology Development 
RTI : Real Time Interrupt 
RTL : Resistor Transistor Logic 
RTO : Round Trip time-Out 
RTOS : Real Time Operating System 
RTP : Realtime Transport Protocol 
RTS : Request To Send 
RTS : Residual Time Stamp 
RTSP : Real Time Streaming Protocol 
RTT : Round Trip Time 
RT-VBR : Real-Time Variable Bit Rate 
RU : Replication Unit 
RVC : Reverse Analog Voice Channel 

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S
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SA : Source MAC address 
SAAL : Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer 
SACK : Selective ACKnowledgement 
SAN : Storage Area Network 
SAP : Service Access Point 
SAP : Session Announcement Protocol 
SAR : Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer 
SAW : Surface Acoustic Wave 
SAT : Supervisory Audio Tone 
SB-ADPCM : Sub Band-Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation 
SBC : Single Board Computer 
SCCP : Signaling Connection Control Part 
SCI : Science Citation Index 
SCI : Serial Communication Interface 
SCM : Station Class Mrk 
SCP : Service Control Point 
SCR : Sustainable Cell Rate 
SCSI : Small Computer System Interface 
SCSP : Server Cache Synchronization Protocol 
SDCC : Supplementary Digital Color Code 
SDH : Synchronous Digital Hierarchy 
SDLC : Synchronous Data Link Control 
SDML : Signed Document Markup Language 
SDP : Session Description Protocol 
SDU : Service Data Unit 
SDR : Session DiRectory 
SE : switching Element 
SE : System Engineer 
SEAL : Simple and Efficient Adaptation Layer 
SECAM : Sequential Couleur a Memoire 
SET : Secure Electronic Transaction 
SF : Switching Fabric 
SFS : System-level File Server 
SG : Signal Ground 
SGCP : Simple Gateway Control Protocol 
SGM : Segmentation Message 
SGML : Standard Generalized Markup Language 
SGMP : Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol 
SGW : Service Gateway 
SI : Service information 
SI : System Integration 
SID : Signaling Identifier 
SID : System Identification 
SIM : Subscriber Interface Module 
SIMM : Single Inline Memory Module 
SIO : Serial Input and Output 
SIP : Session Initiation Protocol 
SIP : Simple IP 
SIPP : Simple Internet Protocol Plus 
SIPP : SMDS Interface Protocol 
SIR : Sustained Information Rate 
SLA : Service Level Agreement 
SLIP : Serial Line Internet Protocol 
SMC : Sleep Mode Connection 
SMDS : Switched Multi-megabit Data Services 
SMF : Single Mode Fiber 
SMIL : Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language 
SMS : Short Message Service 
SMS : Service Management System 
SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 
SNA : Storage Area Network 
SN : Sequence Number 
SN : Service Node 
S/N : Signal to Noise 
SNA : System Network Architecture 
SNAP : Sub Network Access Protocol 
SNMP : simple Network Management Protocol 
SNP : Sequence Number Protection 
SNR : Signal to Noise Ratio 
SO : Serail Output 
SOA : Start Of Authority 
SOH : Section Overhead 
SOHO : Small Office Home Office 
SONAR : SOund NAvigation and Ranging 
SONET : Synchronous Optical NETwork 
SP : Stack Pointer 
SP : Signal Processor 
SP : Switching Point 
SPCS : Stored Program Controlled Switch 
SPE : Synchronous Payload Envelope 
SPF : Shortest Path First 
SPI : Serial to Parallel Interface 
SPID : Service Protocol Identifier 
SPL : Sound Pressure Level 
SPLL : Software PLL 
SPS : Service Provider System 
SPTS : Single Program Transport Stream 
SQL : Structured Query Language 
SR : Shift Register 
SR : Source Routing 
SRAM : Static Random Access Memory 
SRC : Strategic Review Committee 
SRF : Specifically Routed Frame 
SRM : Scalable Reliable Multicast 
SRT : Specifically Routing Transparent 
SRTS : Synchronous Residual Time Stamp 
SS : Spread Spectrum 
SSB : Single Sideband 
SSCF : Service Specific Coordination Protocol 
SSCOP : Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol 
SSCS : Service Specific Convergence Sublayer 
SSD : Share Secret Data 
SSL : Secure Socket Layer 
SSP : Service Switching Point 
SST : Secure Transaction Technology 
ST : Segment Type 
ST : Signaling Tone 
ST-II : Stream Transport protocol-II 
STB : Set Top Box 
STE : Section Terminating Equipment 
STE : Spanning Tree Explorer 
STM : Synchronous Transfer Mode 
STP : Signaling Transfer Point 
STP : Shielded Twisted Pair 
STS : Synchronous Time Stamp 
STS-n : Synchronous Transport Signal-n 
STU : Set Top Unit 
SUT : System Under Test 
SVB : switched Video Broadcasting 
SVC : Switched Virtual Channel 
SVC : Switched Virtual Connection (ATM) 
SVCI : Switched Virtual Circuit Identifier 
S-VGA : Super Video Graphics Array 
SVP : Switched Virtual Path 
SW : Short Wave 
SWG : Sub-Working Group 
SWR : Standing Wave Ratio 
SWS : Silly Window Syndrome 
SYN : SYNchronizing segment 

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T
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TA : Terminal Adapter 
TACS : Total Access Communication System 
TAPI : Telephony Application Programmable Interface 
TASI : Time Assignment Speech Interpolation 
TB : Tranparent Bridging 
TC : Transaction Capabilities 
TC : Tranmission Convergence 
TCAP : Transaction Capabilities Application Part 
TCI : Test Cell Input 
TCO : Test Cell Output 
TCP : Transmission Control Protocol 
TCP/IP : Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol 
TCS : Transmission Convergence Sublayer 
TCXO : Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator 
TD : Tunnel Diode 
TDD : Time Division Duplex 
TDJ : Transfer Delay Jitter 
TDM : Time Division Multiplexing 
TDMA : Time Division Multiple Access 
TDX : Time Division Switching system 
TE : Terminal Equipment 
TEI : Terminal Endpoint Identifier 
TFTP : Trivial File Transfer Protocol 
THD : Total Harmonic Distortion 
TIA : Telecommunication Industry Association 
TIPS : Tera Instruction Per Second 
TLI : Transport Layer Interface 
TLV : Type/Length/Value 
TM : Traffic Management 
TMN : Telecommunications Management Network 
TMP : Test Management Protocol 
TMSWG : Traffic Management Sub-Working Group 
TMTP : Tree-based Multicast Transport Protocol 
TNS : Transit Network Selection 
TO : Telecommunications Operator 
TOLR : Transmit Objective Loudness Rating 
TOPS : Traffic Operator Position System 
TOS : Type Of Service 
TPCC : Third Party Call Control 
TPEG : Transport Protocol Experts Group 
TPON : Telephony over Passive Optical Network 
TR : Transmitter 
TRPB : Truncated Reverse Path Broadcast 
TRS : Telecommunications Relay Services 
TRS : Trunked Radio Service 
TS : Time Sharing 
TS : Time Stamp 
TS : Transport Stream 
TS : Time Slot 
TSAP : Transport Service Access Point 
TSPS : Traffic Service Position System 
TTA : Telecommunications Technology Committee 
TTL : Time To Live 
TTL : Transistor Transistor Logic 
TTS : Text-to-Speech conversion 
TV : TeleVision 

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UA : User Agent 
UART : Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter 
UBR : Unspecified Bit Rate 
UCT : Universal Coordinated Time 
UDP : User Datagram Protocol 
UDSL : Unidirectional HDSL(High data rate Digital Subscriber Line) 
UE : User Element 
UHF : Ultra High Frequency 
UHV : Ultra High Vacuum 
UI : User Interface 
UIFN : Universal International Freephone Number 
uKorea : Ubiquitous Korea 
ULP : Upper Layer Protocol 
UMA : Universal Multimedia Access 
UMS : Unified Messaging System 
UMTS : Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service 
UNI : User Network Interface 
UP : User Plane 
UPC : Usage Parameter Control 
UPS : Uninterruptible Power Supply 
UPT : Universal Personal Telecommunications 
URL : Uniform Resource Locator 
URSI : Union Radio Scientifique International 
UT : Upper Tester 
UTC : Universal Time Code 
UTOPIA : Universal Test & Operations PHY Interface for ATM 
UTP : Unshielded Twisted Pair 
UUCP : Unix to Unix Copy Program 
UUCP : Unix-to-Unix Communication Protocol 
UV : UltraViolet 
UVA : UltraViolet Alpha 
UVB : UltraViolet Beta 

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VA : Volt Ampere 
VAN : Value Added Network 
VASP : Value Added Service Provider 
VAT : Visual Audio Teleconferencing 
vBNS : very high performance Backbone Network Service 
VC : Virtual Connection (ATM) 
VCH : Virtual Channel Handler 
VCC : Virtual Channel Connection 
VCI : Virtual Channel Identifier 
VCI : Virtual Circuit Identifier 
VCI : Virtual Connection Identifier 
VCO : Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 
VCR : Video Cassette Recorder 
VCVS : Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source(filter) 
VDT : Video Display Terminal 
VDSL : Very high bit rate Digital Subscriber Line 
VESA : Video Electronics Standards Association 
VFW : Video Graphics Windows 
VGA : Video Graphics Array 
VHDL : Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Descriptive Language 
VHF : Very High Frequency 
VHS : Video Home System 
VIC : Video Conference 
VIP : Video Information Provider 
VLAN : Virtual Local Area Network 
VLB : VESA Local Bus 
VLF : Very Low Frequency 
VLR : Visitor Location Register 
VLSI : Very Large Scale Integration 
VML : Vector Markup Language 
VMTP : Versatile Message Tranfer Protocol 
VOD : Video On Demand 
VP : Virtual Path 
VPI : Virtual Path Identifier 
VPIM : Voice Profile for Internet Messaging 
VPH : Virtual Path Handler 
VPN : Virtual Private Network 
VP/VC : Virtual Path, Virtual Circuit 
VPC : Virtual Path Connection 
VPCI/VCI : Virtual Path Connection Identifier/Virtual Channel Identifier 
VPI : Virtual Path Identifier 
VQ : Vector Quantization 
VR : Virtual Reality 
VRAM : Video Random Access Memory 
VRML : Virtual Reality Modeling Language 
VRTP : Virtual Reality Transfer Protocol 
VS : Virtual Scheduling 
VSAT : Very Small Aperture satellite Terminals 
VSAT : Very Small Aperture Terminal 
VSELP : Vector Sum Excited Linear Predictive Coding(IS-54 speech encoding) 
VSWR : Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 
VT : Vertual Terminal 

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w
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W3C : World Wide Web Consortium 
WAIS : Wide Area Information Server 
WAN : Wide Area Network 
WAP : Wireless Application Protocol 
WARC : World Administrative Radio Conference 
WAS : Web Application Server 
WATS : Wide Area Telecommunications Service 
WBI : Web Based Instruction 
WCPE : Wireless Customer Premises Equipment 
WD : Working draft 
WDM : Wavelength Division Multiplexing 
WG : Working Group 
WFQ : Weighted Fair Queuing 
WLAN : Wireless LAN 
WLL : Wireless Local Loop 
WML : Wireless Markup Language 
WORM : Write Once Read Many 
WP : World Processor 
WS : Workstation 
WSCI : Web Service Choreography Interface 
WSCL : Web Service Conversation Language 
WSFL : Web Service Flow Language 
WTO : World Trade Organization 
WWW(W3) : World Wide Web 
WYSIWYG : What You See Is What You Get 

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X

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XDR : eXternal Data Representation 
XML : eXtensible Markup Language 
XMTR : Transmitter 
XNS : Xerox Network System 
X/OPEN : UNIX-Open Systems 
XOR : Exclusive-OR gate 
XTALK : Crosstalk 
XSL : eXtensible Stylesheet Language 
XTP : eXpress Transfer Protocol 

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Y
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Y2k : Year 2000 
YAG : Yttrium Aluminum Garnet 
YIG : Yttrium Iron Garnet 

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Z
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