공처럼 둥글게

'~해야 한다'는 표현으로 사용되는 여러가지 어휘에 대해 살펴보자. 한글로 해석을 하여 모두 비슷하게 사용하고 있지만, 원어민이 받아들이는 느낌은 차이가 있다. 그 중 'have to' 와 'should' 는 부정일 때와 긍정일 때에 차이가 있으니 주의하자.

1. Have to - 단순 의무

• I have to get up early every day.
• She has to speak English at work.
• We have to go into work early tomorrow.

1-1 부정일 경우: don't have to ~하지 않아도 된다.

• You don't have to work on Sunday.
• You don't have to forget what I'm saying. It's important.
• You don't have to be here before ten.
• You don't have to finish it today.

2. Should - 개인적인 권장/충고/조언

• You should go to the dentist.
• You sould eat more fruits and vegetables.
• You should go to bed because you look tired.
• You should go to bed earlier.

2-2. 부정일 경우: shouldn't ~하지 않는게 좋겠다, ~하면 안된다, ~하지 마

• You shouldn't swim during the storm.
• You shouldn't drive in ther park.
• You shouldn't watch TV all day.
• You shouldn't stand on the table.

3. Be supposed to / not be supposed to - 기준에 의한 책임

• I was supposed to be at work at 9.
• It wasn't supposed to be raining today.
• You aren't supposed to smoke in here.

4. Must / mustn't - 의무

• You must keep quiet in the classroom.
• You must sit still in the school hall.
• You must line up in the corridor.
• You must wait for your turn in the computer room.
• You must keep off the grass in the garden.
• You mustn't climb the trees in the garden.
• You mustn't pick the flowers in the garden.
• You mustn't spit.
• Visitors must not touch the paintings.

"be supposed to"는 우리가 사실이라고 믿는 것이나 예상하는 것을 말 할 때 사용한다.

주로 예상하거나 믿는거에 반해 다를 경우에 사용한다.

ex) You're supposed to arrive at the airport by 9 am, and it's already past 10 am now.

=> 넌 9시까지 공항에 도착해야 했어. 그리고 지금은 이미 10시가 지났어.

How와 함께 의문문을 말할 때는 상대방이 내게 예상하는 것에 대해 불만을 표시할 때 주로 사용한다.

How was I supposed to know that there was a traffic?

=> 내가 어떻게 차가 막히는 줄 알았겠어?