GSM 약어2

A

AA : Application Association 

AAL : ATM Adaptation Layer 

ABM : Asynchronous Balanced Mode 

ABR : Area Border Router 

ABR : Available Bit Rate 

ABT : ATM Block Transfer 

AC : Alternating Current 

AC : Application Context 

ACCPR : Adjacent Channel Coupled Power Ratio 

ACD : Automatic Call Distribution 

ACF : Access Control Field 

ACF : Advanced Communications Facility 

ACIPR : Adjacent Channel Interface Power Ratio 

ACK : ACKnowledgement 

ACL : Advanced CMOS Logic 

ACM : Address Complete Message 

ACR : Allowed Cell Rate 

AD : Analog-to-Digital 

ADM : Add/Drop Multiplexers 

ADPCM : Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation 

ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 

ADSL : Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Loop 

AE : Application Entity 

AES : Advanced Encryption Standard 

AF : Assured Forwarding 

AF : Audio Frequency 

AFC : Automatic Frequency Control 

AFNOR : Association Francaise de normalisation 

AFR : Active Feedback Resonator 

AGC : Automatic Gain Control 

AI : Artificial Intelligence 

AIM : ATM Inverse Multiplexer 

AIN : Advanced Intelligent Network 

AIR : Additive Increase Rate 

AIS : Alarm Indication Signal 

AIS-E : Alarm Indication Signal-External 

ALC : Automatic Level Control 

ALU : Arithmetic Logic Unit 

ALS : Application Layer Structure 

AM : Amplitude Modulation 

AMA : Automatic Message Accounting 

AMI : Alternate Mark Inversion 

AMPS : Advanced Mobile Phone Service 

AMR : Automatic Meter Reading 

ANI : Automatic Number Identification 

ANM : Answer Message 

ANS : American National Standard 

ANS : Advanced Networks and Services 

ANSI : American National Standards Institute 

AO/DI : Always On/Dynamic ISDN 

AOW : Asia-Oceania Workshop 

AP : Application Process 

APAN : Asia Pacific Advanced Network 

APB : Available Path Bandwidth 

API : Application Programming Interface 

APON : ATM Passive Optical Network 

APPL : Analog PLL 

APPN : Advanced Peer to Peer Network 

ARC : Administrative Radio Conference 

ARE : All Routes Explorer 

ARIS : Aggregate Route-based IP Swithcing 

ARM : Application Resource Manager 

ARP : Address Resolution Protocol 

ARPA : Advanced Research Projects Agency 

ARQ : Automatic Repeat reQuest 

ARS : Audio Respone System 

APE : Application Protocol Entity 

AS : Autonomous System 

ASAP : Application Service Access Point 

ASBR : Autonomous System Boundary Router 

ASC : AIN Switch Capabilities 

ASCII : American Standard Code for Information Interchange 

ASE : Application Service Element 

ASIC : Application Specific Integrated Circuit 

ASK : Amplitude Shift Keying 

ASN : Abstract Service Notation 

ASN.1 : Abstract Syntax Notation.1 

ASON : Automatically Switched Optical Channel Networks 

ASP : Abstract Service Primitive 

ASP : Application Service Provider 

ASRM : Abstract System Reference MOdel 

ASSP : Application Specific Standard Product 

ASTN : Automatically Switched Transport Network 

ATD : Asynchronous Time Division 

ATM : Asynchronous Transfer Mode 

ATMARP : ATM Address Resolution Protocol 

ATS : Abstract Test Suite 

ATSC : Advanced Television Systems Committee 

AU : Access Unit 

AUI : Attachment Unit Interface 

AUP : Acceptable Use Policy 

AUU : ATM User-to-User 

AV : Audio Visual 

AVC : Automatic Volume Control 

AWC : Automatic Answer Circuit 

AWGN : Additive White Gaussian Noise 

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B

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B2B : Business to Business 

BA : Branch Amplifier 

BAAP : Buenos Aires Action Plan 

BASIC : Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code 

BBC : broadband Bearer Capability 

BBS : Bulletin Board Service 

BBS : Bulletin Board System 

BC : Bearer Capability 

BCBDS : Broadband Connectionless Data Bearer Service 

BCD : Binary Coded Decimal 

BCDMA : Broad Band CDMA 

B-Channel : Bearer Channel 

BCOB : Broadband Class of Bearer 

BCS : British Computer Society 

BCP : Business Continuity Planning 

BCU : Broadcast Control Unit 

BECN : Backward Explicit Congestion Notification 

BER : Bit Error Rate 

BETRS : Basic Exchange Telecommunication Radio Service 

BEV : Billion Electron Volts 

BGP : Border Gateway Protocol 

BGT : Broadcast and Group Translators 

B-ICI : Broadband Inter Carrier Interface 

B-ICI SAAL : B-ICI Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer 

BIND : Berkeley Internet Name Domain 

BIOS : Basic Input Output System 

BIP : Bit Interleaved Parity 

B-ISDN : Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network 

BISSI : Broadband Inter Switching System Interface 

B-ISUP : Broadband ISDN User's Part 

BISYNC : BInary SYNchronous Communication 

B-LLI : Broadband Low layer Information 

BMA : Broadcast Multiple Access 

BN : Bridge Number 

BNC : Baby N Connector 

B-NT : Broadband Network Termination 

BOF : Birds of Feather 

BOM : Beginning of Message 

BOOTP : Bootstrap Protocol 

BPDU : Bridge Protocol Data Unit 

BPF : Bandpass Filter 

BPI : Bits Per Inch 

BPML : Business Process Modeling Language 

BPP : Bridge port Pair 

BPS : Bits per Second 

BPSK : Binary Phase Shift Keying 

BPSS : Business Process Specification Scheme 

BRA : Basic Rate Access 

BRI : Basic Rate Interface 

BSC : Binary Synchronous Communication 

BSD UNIX : Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX 

BSP : Business Service Provider 

BSVC : broadcast switched Virtual Connections 

BT : British Telecom 

BTAG : Begin Tag 

B-TE : broadband Terminal equipment 

BTS : Base Transceiver Station 

BUS : Broadcast and Unknown Server 

BW : Bandwidth 

BWS : Broadcasting WebSite 

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C

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C/N : Carrier to Noise Ratio 

CA : Cell Arrival 

CAC : Call Admission Control 

CAC : Connection Admission Control 

CAD/CAM : Computer Assisted Design/ Manufacturing 

CADN : Cellular Acccess Digital Network 

CAE : Computer Aided Engineering 

CAI : Computer Aided Instruction 

CAI : Common Air Interference 

CALS : Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle Support 

CAM : Computer Aided Manufacturing 

CANARIE : Canadian Network for Advancement of Research, Industry and education 

CAP : Carrierless Amplitude Phase 

CAS : Channel Associated Signaling 

CASE : Common Application Software Element 

CASE : Computer Aided Systems Engineering 

CAT : Computer Aided Translation 

CATV : Community Antenna TeleVision (alias Cable Television) 

CAV : Constant Angular Velocity 

CBD : Component Based Development 

CBDS : Connectionless Broadband Data Services 

CBQ : Class Based Queuing 

CBR : Constant Bit Rate 

CBT : Computer Based Training 

CBT : Core Based Tree 

CC : Continuity Cell 

CC : Condition Code 

CC : Connection Confirm 

CCB : Configuration Control Board 

CCD : Charge Coupled Device 

CCI : Common Client Interface 

CCIRN : Coordinating Committee for Intercontinental Research Networking 

CCITT : International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee 

CCP : Channel Change Protocol 

CCR : Current Cell Rate 

CCR : Configuration Change Request 

CC-RA : Common Criteria Recognition Arrangement 

CCS :Ccommon Channel Signaling 

CCSS7 : Common Channel Signaling System 7 

CCTV : Closed Circuit TeleVision 

CD : Compact Disc 

CD-A : Compact Disc Audio 

CDDI : Copper Distributed Data Interface 

CD-I : Compact Disc Interactive 

CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access 

CDPD : Cellular Digital Packet Data 

CD-R : Compact Disc-Recordable 

CD-ROM : Compact Disk-Read-Only Memory 

CDS : Cell Directory Service 

CDSL : Consumer Digital Subscriber Line 

CDT : Cell Delay Tolerance 

CDV : Cell Delay Variation 

CDVT : Cell Delay Variation Tolerance 

CEI : Connection Endpoint Identifier 

CEN : Comite Europeene de Normalisation 

CENELEC : European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization 

CEO : Chief Executive Officer 

CER : Cell Error Ratio 

CER : Circuit Emulation Service 

CES : Circuit Emulation Service 

CEF : Call for Proposals 

CG : Computer Graphics 

CGA : Color Graphics Adapter 

CGI : Computer Graphics Interface 

CGI : Common Gateway Interface 

CGM : Computer Graphics Metafile 

CHAP : Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol 

CI : Congestion Indicator 

CIB : CRC Indication Bit 

CIBER : Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange Record 

CIC : Carrier Identification Code 

CIDR : Classless Inter Domain Routing 

CIE : NHRP Client Information Element 

CIP : Carrier Idenfication Parameter 

CLP : Classical IP over ATM 

CIR : Committed Information Rate 

CISC : Complex Instruction-Set Computer 

CL : Connectionless 

CL : Current Loop 

CLAD : Cell Assembly And Disassembly 

CLNAP : Connectionless Network Access Ptotocol 

CLNP : Connectionless Network Protocol 

CLNP : Connectionless Network Protocol 

CLNS : Connectionless Network Service 

CLP : Cell Loss Priority 

CLR : Cell Loss Ratio 

CLS : Connectionless Server 

CLSF : Connectionless Service Function 

CLTP : ConnectionLess Transport Protocol 

CLV : Constant Linear Velocity 

CMC : Cellular Mobile Carrier 

CME : Component Management Entity 

CMI : Coded Mark Inversion 

CMIP : Common Management Information Protocol 

CMIS : Common Management Information Service 

CMISE : Common Management Information Service Element 

CMM : Capability Maturity Model 

CMOS RAM : Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Random Access Memory 

CMOT : Common Management information protocol Over TCP/IP 

CMR : Cell Misinsertion Rate 

CN : Copy Network 

CNM : Customer Network Management 

CNS : Car Navigation System 

CO : Central Office 

CO : Connection Oriented 

COD : Connection Oriented Data 

CODEC : Coder/Decoder 

COM : Continuation of Message 

COBOL : Common Business Oriented Language 

COBRA : Common Object Request Broker Architecture 

CoS : Class of Service or Classes of Services 

COS : Corperation for Open Systems International 

COSINE : Cooperation for Open Systems Interconnection Networking in Europe 

CP : Connection Processor 

CP : Control Plane 

CPCS : Common Part Convergence Sublayer 

CPE : Customer Premises Equipment 

CPFSK : Continuous Phase frequency Shift Keying 

CPI : Common Part Indicator 

CPN : Calling Party Number 

CPN : Customer Premises Network 

CPS : Content Provider System 

CPU : Central Processing Unit 

CQM : Channel Quality Measurement 

Crankback IE : Crankback-Information Element 

CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Check 

CRC : Cyclic Redundancy Code 

CRCG : Common Routing Connection Group 

CR-LDP : Constraint-based Routing LDP 

CRM : Customer Relationship Management 

CRT : Cathode Ray Tube 

CS : Convergence Sublayer 

CS : Carrier Selection 

CS1 : Capability Set One 

CS2 : Capability Set Two 

CSA : Carrier Serving Area 

CSI : Convergence Sublayer Indication 

CSMA/CD : Carrier Sence Multiple Access with Collision Detection 

CSP : Computer Service Provider 

CSPDN : Circuit Switched Public Data Network 

CSPF : Constraint-based Shortest Path First 

CSR : Cell Missequenced Ratio 

CSR : Cell Switch Router 

CSU : Channel Service Unit 

CT : Cordless Telephone 

CT2 : Cordless Telephone 2 

CTD : Cell Transfer Delay 

CTI : Computer Telephony Integration 

CTIA : Cellular Telecommunication Industry Association 

CTP : Connection Termination Point 

CTR : Common Technical Regulations 

CTS : Conformance Testing Service 

CTV : Cell Tolerance Variation 

CUG : Closed Users Group 

CUI : character User Interface 

CVSM : Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation 

CV : Constant Voltage 

CW : Continuous Wave 

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D 

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DA : Destination MAC address 

DA : Destination Address 

D/A : Digital to Analog 

DAB : Digital Audio Broadcasting 

DAC : Digital-Analog Converter 

DAMPS : Digital AMPS 

DAL : Data Access Line 

DANTE : Delivery of Advanced Netwrok Technology to Europe 

DAP : Directory Access Protocol 

DARC : Data Radio Channel 

DARPA : Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency 

DAS : Direct Attached Storage 

DAT : Digital Audio Tape 

DAVIC : Digital Audio Visual Council 

dB : Decibel 

dBc : Decibel below carrier 

DBMS : Data Base Management System 

dBm : Decibel(relative to 1mW) 

DBM : Direct Balanced Mixer 

DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 

DBR : Data Burst Randmizer 

DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 

DBS : Direct Broadcast Satellites 

DBR : Deterministic Bit Rate 

dBW : Decibel(relative to 1 Watt) 

DC : Device Control 

DC : Direct Current 

DCC : Data Country Code 

DCC : Digital Color Code 

DCE : Data Communication Equipment 

D-Channel : Data Channel 

DCS : Digital Cellular System 

DCT : Discrete Cosine Tranform 

DD : Depacketization Delay 

DDCMP : Digital Data Communication Message Protocol 

DDD : Direct Distance Dialing 

DDN : Defence Data Network 

DDS : Dataphone Digital Services 

DE : Discard Eligible 

DECT : Digital Enhanced Cordless Technologies 

DECT : Digital European Cordless Telephone 

DES : Data Encryption Standard 

DES : Destination End System 

DFS : Distributed File Service 

DFT : Discrete Fourier Transform 

DHCP : Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 

DIC : Digital Interface Card 

DIMM : Dual Inline Memory Module 

DIN : Deutsches Institute for Normung 

DOI : Digital Object Identifier 

DIP : Dual Inline Package 

DIS : Draft International Standard 

DiffServ : Differentiated Service 

DLC : Data Link Control 

DLC : Digital Loop Carrier 

DLCI : Data Link Connection Identifier 

DLL : Data Link Layer 

DLSw : Data Link Switching 

DMA : Direct Memory Address 

DMDD : Distributed Multiplexing Distributed Demultipexing 

DMM : Digital Multi Meter 

DMT : Discrete Multi-Tone 

DN : Distribution Network 

DNS : Domain Name System 

DOI : Digital Object Identifier 

DOCSIS : Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification 

DOS : Disk Operating System 

DP : Dial Pulse 

DP : Data Processing 

DPLL : Digital PLL 

DPSK : Differential Phase Shift Keying 

DQDB : Dual Queue Dual Bus (IEEE 80.6 Metropolitan Area Network protocol) 

DQPSK : Differentially encoded Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 

DR : Digit receiver 

DR : Dynamic Range 

DRAM : Dynamic Random Access Memory 

DREN : Defence Research and Engineering Network 

DRM : Digital Rights Management 

DS : Differentiated Service 

DS0 : Digital Signal Level 0 

DS1 : Digital Siganal Level 1 

DS3 : Digital Signal Level 3 

DS : Direct Sequence 

DSA : Differentiated Service Architecture 

DSBM : Designated Subnet Bandwidth Manager 

DSE: Distributed Single Layer Embedded Test Method 

DSID : Destination Signaling Identifier 

DSL : Digital Subscriber Line 

DSL : Digital Subscriber Loop 

DSLAM : Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer 

DSMA/CD : Digital Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detect 

DSM-CC : Digital Storage Media-Control Commands 

DSO : Document Services Office 

DSP : Digital Signal Processing 

DSR : Distributed Speech Recognition 

DSRM : DAVIC System Reference Model 

DSU : Digital Service Unit 

DSVD : Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data 

DTD : Document Type Definition 

DTE : Data Terminal Equipment 

DTMF : Dual Tone Multi Frequency 

DTP : Distributed Transaction Processing 

DTR : Data Terminal Ready 

DTS : Distributed Time Service 

DTTB : Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting 

DVB : Digital Video Broadcast 

DVD : Digital Video Disk 

DVI : Digital Video Interactive 

DVMRP : Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol 

DWDM : Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing 

DWMT : Discrete Wavelet Multi-Tone 

DXI : Data Exchange Interface 

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E 

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EACK : Extended ACKnowledgement 

EAI : Enterprise Application Integration 

EBCDIC : Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 

EBON : European Backbone Network 

EC : European Community 

ECC : Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem 

ECC : Error Correcting Code 

ECL : Emitter Coupled Logic 

ECM : Entitlement Control Message 

ECMA : European Computer Manufactures Association 

ECSA : Exchange Carriers Standards Association 

EDB : Enhanced Digital Broadcast 

EDI : Electronic Data Interchange(전자문서 교환) 

EDMS : Electronic Document Management System 

EFCI : Explicit Forward Congestion Indicator 

EDMS : Electronic Document Management System(전자문서 관리 시스템) 

EGA : Enhanced Graphics Adapter 

EGP : Exterior Gateway Protocol 

EIA : Electronics Industry Association 

EII : European Information Infrastructure 

ELAN : Emulated LAN 

ELF : Extremly Low Frequency 

E-MAIL : Electronic Mail 

EMC : Electromagnetic Compatibility 

EMF : Electromagnetic Field 

EMI : Electromagnetic Interference 

EMR : Electromagnetic Radiation 

EMS : Expanded Memory Specification 

ENIAC : Electronic Numerical Integrater and Computer 

EO : End Office 

EOM : End of Message 

EOT : End Of Transmission 

EPD : Early Packet Discard 

EPROM : Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory 

EROD : Erasable Rewritable Optical Disc 

ERP : Enterprise Resource Planning 

ESM : Enterprise Security Management 

E-TACS : Extended Total Access Communication System 

E-TDMA : Enhanced TDMA(with DSI-Digital Speech Interpolation) 

ETAG : End Tag 

ETE : End-to-End 

ETRI : Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute 

ETSI : European Telecommunications Standards Institute 

EV : Electron Volt 

EWOS : European Workshop for Open System 

EXM : Exit Message 

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F 

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FA : Forwarding Adjacency 

FAQ : Frequently Asked Questions 

FC : feedback Control 

FCC : Federal Communications Commission 

FCFS : First-Come First-Service 

FCS : Fast Circuit Switching 

FCS : Frame Ckeck Sequence 

FDC : Floppy Disk Controller 

FDD : Floppy Disk Drive 

FDD : Frequency Division Duplex 

FDDI : Fiber Distribution Data Interface 

FDM : Frequency Division Multiplexing 

FDMA : Frequency Division Multiple Access 

FEBE : Far End Block Error 

FEC : Forward Error Correction 

FECN : Forward Explicit Congestion Notification 

FEP : Front-End Processor 

FER : frame Error Rate 

FERF : Far End Receive Failure 

FF : Flip Flop 

FFOL : FDDI Follow-On LAN 

FFT : Fast Fourier Transform 

FH : Fiber Hub 

FIFO : First In First Out 

FILO : First In Last Out 

FIN : FINish flag 

FIPA : Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agent 

FM : Frequency Modulation 

FOCC : Forward Analog Control Channel 

FOD : Fax On Demand 

FORTRAN : FORmula TRANslation 

FP : Floating Point 

FPLMTS : Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication System 

FPU : Floating Point Unit 

FR : Frame Relay 

FRS : Frame Relay Service 

FSK : Frequency Shift Keying 

FTP : File Transfer Protocol 

FTR : Full Text Retrieval 

FTTB : Fiber To The Building 

FTTC : Fiber To The Curb 

FTTH : Fiber To The Home 

FUNI : Frame User Network Interface 

FTTO : Fiber To The Office 

FVC : Forward Analog Voice Channel 

FYI : For Your Information 

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G

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GaAs : Gallium Arsenide 

GAP : Generic Address Parameter 

GATT : General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 

GBBC : GSM Baseband Codec 

GCID : Global Call Identifier 

GCID-IE : Global Call Identifier-Information Element 

GCRA : Generic Cell Rate Algorithm 

GDMO : Guidelines for Definition of Managed Objects 

GDS : Global Directory Service 

GFC : Generic Flow Control 

GFLOPS : Billions of FLOating Point operations per Second 

GFSK : gaussian frequency Shif Keying 

GGP : Gateway to Gateway Protocol 

GHz : Giga Hertz 

GIF : Graphics Interchange Format 

GII : Global Information Infrastructure 

GIPS : Giga Instruction Per Second 

GIS : Geographic Information System 

GKS : Graphical Kernel System 

GMPCS : Global Mobile Personal Communications System 

GMPLS : Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching 

GMSK : Gaussian-filtered Minimum Shift Keying 

GND : GrouND 

GOLD : GSM One-Chip Logic Device 

GOSIP : Government Open Ssystems Interconnection Profile 

GPIP : General Purpose Interface Bus 

GPS : Global Positoning System 

GRC : Generic Reference Configuration 

GSM : Global System for Mobile Communications 

GUI : Graphical User Interface 

GW : Giga Watt 

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H 

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HAL : Hardwired Array Logic 

HAN : Highly Advanced National project 

HAN : Home ATM Network 

HBT : Heterojucion Bipolar Transistor 

HC : High speed Cmos 

HCC : Host Call Control 

HCI : Human Computer Interaction 

HCPI : Higher Layer Protocol Identifier 

HCT : High speed Cmos Ttl thresholds 

HD : High density 

HDB3 : High Density Bipolar 3 

HDD : Hard Disk Drive 

HDML : Handheld Device Markup Language 

HDLC : High-level Data Link Control 

HDSL : High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line 

HDTP : Handheld Device Transport Protocol 

HDTV : High Definition TeleVision 

HDX : Half Duplex 

HE : HeadEnd 

HEC : Header Error Check 

HEC : Header Error Control 

HEL : Header Extension Length 

HF : High Frequency 

HFC : Hybrid Fiber Coaxial 

HFR : Hybrid Fiber Radio 

HFS : Hierachical File System 

HGML : Hyper Graphics Markup Language 

HIC : Hybrid Integrated Circuit 

HIPPI : High Performance Parallel Interface 

HLPI : Higher Layer Protocol Identifier 

HLR : Home Location Register 

HMSC : Human Machine Service Consumer 

HOL : Head of Line 

HPF : High Pass Filter 

HPC : Hand Held PC 

HSM : Hierarchical Storage Management 

HSSI : High-Speed Serial Interface 

HSTP : High Speed Transfer Protocol 

HTML : HyperText Markup Language 

HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol 

HW : Hardware 

Hz : Hertz 

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I

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IAA : Initial Address Acknowledgment 

IAB : Internet Architecture Board 

IAM : Initial Address Message 

IANA : Internet Assigned Numbers Authority 

IAR : Initial Address Reject 

IBSP : Internet Business Solutions Provider 

IC : Initial Cell Rate 

IC : Intergrated Circuit 

ICCB : Internet Control and Configuration Board 

ICD : International Code Designator 

ICMP : Internet Control Message Protocol 

ICW : Interactive Courseware 

IDB : Interactive Digital Broadcast 

IDC : Internet Data Center 

IDE : Intergrated Device Electronics 

IDE : Intelligent Drive Electronics 

IDL : interface Definition Language 

IDSL : ISDN Digital Subscriber Line 

IDU : Interface Data Unit 

IE : Information Element 

IEC : International Electrotechnical Committee 

IEEE : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 

IEN : Internet Engineering Notes 

IESG : Internet Engineeting Steering Group 

IETF : Internet Engineering Task Force 

IF : Intermediate Frequency 

IFF : Interfrequency Filter 

IFFF : Inverse Fast Fourier Transform 

IGMP : Internet Group Multicast Protocol 

IGP : Interior Gateway Protocol 

IIR : Infinite Impulse Response(filter) 

IISP : Information Infrastructure 

ILEC : Independent Local Exchange Carrier 

ILMI : Interim Link Management Interface 

ILMI : Interim Local Management Interface 

IM : Intermodulation 

IMD :Intermodulation Distortion 

IME : Interface Management Entity 

IMR : Intermodulation Distortion Ratio 

IMT2000: International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 

IMTC : International Multimedia Teleconferencing Cosortium 

IN : Intelligent Network 

INOC : Internet Network Operations Center 

I/O : Input/Output 

ION : Internetworking Over NBMA(Non-Broadcast Multi-Access) 

IP : Intelligent Peripheral 

IP : Internet Protocol 

IP : Information Provider 

IP : Intercept Point 

IPCF : International Powerline Communications Forum 

IPF : International Powerline Forum 

IPng : Internet Protocol Next Generation 

IPOA : Ip over ATM 

IPv4 : Internet Protocol version 4 

IPv6 : Internet Protocol version 6 

I-PNNI : Integrated Private Network Network Interface 

IPX : Internet Packet eXchange 

IRC : Internet Relay Chat 

IRTF : Internet Research Task Force 

ISDB : Integrated Service Digital Broadcasting 

ISDN : Integrated Services Data Network 

IS-IS : Intermediate System to Intermediate System 

ISM : Industrial scientific Medical(frequency band) 

ISN : Information Systems Network 

ISO : International Standard Organization 

ISOC : Internet Society 

ISP : Internet Service Provider 

ISSLL : Integrated Services over Specific Link Layers 

ISUP : ISDN User PART 

IT : Information Technology 

ITI : Internet Telephony Integration 

ITS : Intelligent Traffic System 

ITU-T : International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications sector 

IWF : Interworking Function 

IWU : Interworking Unit 

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J 

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JDC : Japanese Digital Carrier 

JIS : Japan Industrial Standard 

JISC : Japan Industrial Standards Association 

JPEG : Joint Photographic Expert Group 

JSA : Japan Standards Association 

JTAPI : Java Telephony Application Programmable Interface 

JTC-1 : Joint Technical Committee-1 

JUG : Joint Users Group 

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K

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K : Kilo 

KA : KiloAmpere 

KBS : Korea Bureau of Standards 

KBPS : KiloBits Per Second 

KEV : Kilo Electron Volts 

KII : Korea Information Infrastructure 

KMS : Knowledge Management System 

KOD : Karaoke on Demand 

KORNET : KORea backbone NETwork for Internet Connectivity 

KREONet : Korea Research Environment Open Network 

KREN : Korea Education Network 

KT : Korea Telecom 

KTS : Key Telephone System 

KVA : Kilo Volt Amperes 

KWH : Kilo Watt Hours 

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L

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L2TP : Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol 

LAN : Local Area Network 

LANE : LAN Emulation 

LAPB : Link Access Procedure Balanced 

LAPD : Link Access Procedure on D channel 

LAT : Local-Area Transport 

LATA : Local Access and Transport Area 

LB : Leaky Bucket 

LCD : Liquid Crystal Display 

LCM : Long Code Mask 

LD : LAN Destination 

LDAP : Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 

LD-CELP : Low Delay Code Exited Linear Prediction 

LDP : Label Distribution Protocol 

LE : LAN Emulation 

LE-ARP : LAN Emulation Address Resolution Protocol 

LEC : Local Exchange Carrier 

LEC : LAN Emulation Client 

LECID : LAN Emulation Client Identifier 

LECS : LAN Emulation Configuration Server 

LED : Light Emitting Diode 

LEO : Low Earth Orbit 

LES : LAN Emulation Server 

LF : Loop Filter 

LF : Low Frequency 

LFSR : Linear Feedback Shift Register 

LIFO : Last In First Out 

LIJP : Leaf Initiated Joint Parameters 

LIS : Logical IP Subnetwork 

LIV : Link Integrity Verification 

LLATMI : Lower Layer ATM Interface 

LLC : Logical Link Control 

LLC/SNAP : Logical Link Control/Subnetwork Access Protocol 

LMCS : Local Multipoint Communication Service 

LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution Service 

LMDS : Local Multipoint Distribution System 

LMI : Layer Management Interface 

LMP : Link Management Protocol 

LNA : Local Numbering Area 

LOC : Loss of Cell delineation 

LOF : Loss of Frame 

LOS : Line Of Sight 

LOS : Loss of Signal 

LP : Low Pass 

LPC : Linear Predictive Coding 

LPC : Line Per Channel 

LPF : Low Pass Filter 

LPLL : Linear PLL 

LSA : Link State Advertisement 

LSB : Least Significant Bit 

LSD : Least Significant Digit 

LSI : Large-Scale Integrated Circuit 

LSP : Label Switched Path 

LSP : Line Spectral Pair 

LSR : Label Switching Router 

LSR : Leaf Setup Request 

LT : Lower Tester 

LTE : Line Terminating Equipment 

LTH : Length Field 

LTV : Life Time Value 

LW : Long Wave 

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M

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M2M : Marketplace to Marketplace 

MA : Maintenance and Adaptation 

MAC : Medium Access Control 

MAC : Mobile Attenuation Code 

MAHO : Mobile Assisted Handoff 

MAN : Metropolitan Area Network 

MANET : Mobile Ad-hoc Network 

MARS : Multicast Address Resolution Server 

MB : MegaBytes 

MBONE : Multicast backBONE 

MBPS : Million Bytes Per Second 

MBS : Maximum Burst Size 

MBS : Mobile Broadband Service 

MC : Motion Compensation 

MCA : Multi Channel Access 

MCIS : Microsoft Commertial Internet System 

MCNS : Multimedia Cable Network System 

MCR : Minimum Cell Rate 

MCS : Multicast Server 

MCTD : Mean Cell Transfer Delay 

MCU : Master Control Unit 

MDSB : Mobile Data Base Station 

MDSL : Multi-rate Digital Subscriber Line 

ME : Mapping Entity 

MESFET : Metal Schottky FET 

MFSK : Multi Frequency Shift Keying 

MGCP : Media Gateway Control Protocol 

MHEG : Multimedia/Hypermedia information coding Expert Group 

MHP : Multimedia Home Platform 

MHS : Message Handling System 

MIB : Management Information Base 

MID : Message Identifier 

MIDI : Multiple Instrument Digital Interface 

MIDI : Music Instrument Digital Interface 

MILNET : MILitary NETwork 

MIME : Muti-purpose Internet Mail Extensions 

MIN : Mobile Identification Number 

MIN : Multistage Interconnection Networks 

MIPS : Millions of Instruments Per Second 

MISP : Mobile Internet Service Provider 

MIR : Maximum Information rate 

MLPPP : MultiLink Point-to-Point Protocol 

MMDS : Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service 

MMDS : Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System 

MMF : Multimode Fiber 

MMIC : Monolithic Microwave IC 

MMU : Memory Management Unit 

MMX : Multi-Media Extension 

MOD : Movies on Demand 

MOD : Music on Demand 

MODEM : MOdulator and DEModulator 

MOM : Message Oriented Middleware 

MOS : Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET 

MOSFET : Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET 

MOSPF : Multicast extensions to OSPF 

MPC : Multimedia Personal Computer 

MPC : MPOA Client 

MPEG : Moving Picture Experts Group 

MPEG-TS : MPEG-Transport Stream 

MPLS : Multi-Protocol Label Switching 

MPOA : MultiProtocol Over ATM 

MPS : MPOA Server 

MPU : Maximum Transmission Unit 

MPU : Micro Processing Unit 

MPU : Main Processing Unit 

MRCS : Multi-rate Circuit Switching 

MRO : Maintenance Repair and Operating 

MRP : Material Resource Planning 

MS : Meta signaling 

MS : Mobile Sation 

MSA : Metropolitan Service Area 

MSAP : Management Service Access Point 

MSB : Most Significant Bit 

MSC : Mobile Switching Center 

MSD : Most Significant Digit 

MS-DOS : MicroSoft Disk Operating System 

MSIN : Mobile Station Identification Number 

MSK : Minimum Shift Keying 

MSN : Monitoring cell Sequence Number 

MSO : Multiple System Operator 

MSS : Maximum Segment Size 

MSVC : Meta-signaling Virtual Channel 

MT : Machine Translation 

MT : Message Type 

MTP : Message Transfer Part 

MTP : Multicast Transport Protocol 

MTS : Message Telecommunications Service 

MTSO : Mobile Telephone Switching Office 

MTU : Maximum Transmission Unit 

MTU : Message Transfer Unit 

MUSICAM : Masking Pattern Adapted Universal Sub-band Integrated Coding and Multiplexing 

MVDS : Microwave Video Distribution System 

MWIF : Mobile Wireless Internet Forum 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

N

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NA : Network Aspects 

NAK : Negative Acknowledgement 

NAM : Number Assignment Module 

NAMPS : Narrow Band AMPS 

NANOG : North American Network Operators Group 

NAP : Network Access Provider 

NAPLPS : North American Presentation Level Protocol Syntax 

NAS : Network Application Support 

NAS : Network Access Server 

NAS : Network Attached Storage 

NASA : National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

NAT : Network Address Translation 

NBMA : Non-Broadcast Multiple Access 

NBS : National Bureau of Standards 

NC : Network Computer 

NCDMA : Narrow Band CDMA 

NCS : Network Computing System 

NDIS : Network Driver Interface Specification 

NE : Network Element 

NetBIOS : Network Basic Input/Output System 

NETBLT : NETwork Block Transfer 

NFS : Network File System 

NGI : Next Generation Internet 

NHC : Next Hop Client 

NHOP : Next Hop 

NHRP : Next Hop Resolution Protocol 

NHS : Next Hop Server 

NI : Network Interconnect 

NIC : Network Interface Card 

NIC : Network Information Center 

NID : Network Identification 

NII : National Information Infrastructure 

NiPC : Network Integrated PC 

NIIT : National Information Infrastructure Testbed 

N-ISDN : Narrowband ISDN 

NIST : National Institute of Standards and Technology 

NIU : Network Interface Unit 

NLSP : NetWare Link State Protocol 

NMS : Network Management System 

NMT : Nordic Mobile Telecommunication System 

NNI : Nederlands Normalisatie-Institute 

NNI : Network to Network Interface 

NNI : Network Node Interface 

NNTP : Network News Transfer Protocol 

NOC : Network Operations Center 

NOI : Notice of Inquiry 

NOS : Network Operating System 

NP : Network Performance 

NPC : Network Parameter Control 

NPR : Noise Power Ratio 

NREN : National Research and Educational Network 

NRM : Network Resource Management 

NRT-VBR : Non-Real_Time Variable Bit Rate 

NRZ : Non Return to Zero 

NRZI : Non Return to Zero Invert 

NSAP : Network Service Access Point 

NSF : National Science Foundation 

NSFNET : National Science Foundation NETwork 

NSP : Network Service Provider 

NSR : Non-Source Routed 

NSTC : National Science and Technology Council 

NT : Network Terminator 

NTB : Network Time Protocol 

NTM : Network Traffic Management 

NTT : Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 

NTSC : National Television System Committee 

NVOD : Near Video On Demand 

NWN : National Wireless Network 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OA : Office Automation 

OA&M : Operation, Administration and Maintenance 

OASIS : Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards 

OCC : Optical Channel Controller 

OC-n : Optical Carrier-level n 

OCR : Optical Character Recognition 

ODA : Open Document Architecture 

ODBC : Open DataBase Connectivity 

ODI : Open Data-link Interface 

ODIF : Open Document Interchange Format 

ODP : Open Distributed Processing 

ODSI : Optical Domain Service Interconnect 

OGIS : Open Geodata Interoperability Specification 

OIF : Optical Interworking Forum 

OLE : Object Linking and Embedding 

OLI : Originating Line Information 

OLTP : Online Transaction Processing 

OMG : Object Management Group 

ONA : Open Network Architecture 

ONC : Optical Network Controller 

ONU : Optical Network Unit 

OOD : Object-Oriented Design 

OODB : Object Oriented Data Base 

OOF : Out of Frame 

OOP : Object-Oriented Programming 

OPCR : Originating Program Clock Reference 

OQPSK : Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 

OS : Operating System 

OSF : Open Software Foundation 

OSI : Open Systems Interconnection 

OSID : Origination Signaling identifier 

OSP : Operator Service Provider 

OSPF : Open Shortest Path First 

OSS : Operator Service Switch 

OTN : Optical Transport Network 

OTP : Open Trading Protocol 

OUI : Organization Unique Idenfifier 

OUI : Organizational Unit Idenfifier 

OXC : Optical Cross Connect 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

P 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

P2P : Peer to Peer 

P3P : Platform for Privacy Preferences 

PAD : Packet Assembler/Disassembler 

PAL : Phase Alternation Line 

PAM : Pulse Amplitute Modulation 

PBX : Private Branch eXchange 

PC : Personal Computer 

PC : Priority Control 

PC : Protocol Control 

PCB : Printed Circuit Board 

PCI : Peripheral Component Interconnect 

PCI : Peripheral Component Interface 

PCM : Pulse Code Modulation 

PCMCIA : PC Memory Card International Association 

PCN : Personal Communications Network 

PCO : Point of Control and Observation 

PCR : Peak Cell Rate 

PCR : Program Clock Reference 

PCS : Personal Communication Services 

PCS : Personal Communication System 

PCVC : Point to Point Switched Virtual Connections 

PD : Packetization Delay 

PD : Phase Detector 

PDA : Personal Digital Assistant 

PDH : Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy 

PDM : Pulse Duration Modulation 

PDMS : Product Data Management System(제품 정보 시스템) 

PDN : Public Data Network 

PDU : packet Data Unit 

PDU : Protocol Data Unit 

PEM : Privacy Enchanced Mail 

PERT : Program Evaluation and Review Technique 

PF : Power Factor 

PG : Power Gain 

PGA : Power Grid Array 

PHP : Personal Handy Phone(Japan) 

PHS : Personal Hand phone System(Japan) 

PHY : Physical Layer of the OSI model 

PHY : Physical Layer 

PIA : Peripheral Interface Adapter 

PICS : Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement 

PID : Protocol Identifier Governing Connection Types 

PIM : Personal Information Manager 

PIM : Protocol Independent Muticast 

PIN : Positive Intrinsic Negative(diode) 

PING : Packet InterNet Groper 

PIXIT : Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing 

PL : Physical Layer 

PL : Power Level 

PLA : Programmable Logic Array 

PLC : Power Line Communications 

PLC : Programmable Logic Controller 

PLCP : Physical Layer Convergence Protocol 

PLD : Programmable Logic Device 

PLL : Phase Locked Loop 

PLM : Product Lifecycle Management 

PLMN : Public Land Mobile Network 

PLOA : Protocol Layers over ATM 

PLPC : Physical Layer Convergence Protocol 

PLT : Power Line Telecommunications 

PM : Phase Modulation 

PM : Physical Medium 

PM : Pulse Modulation 

PMD : Physical Layer Dependent sub-layer 

PNA : Phoneline Network Alliance 

PNG : Portable Network Graphics 

PNNI : Private Network Node Interface 

PNO : Public Network Operator 

PNP : Positive Negative Positive 

POD : Point Of Deployment 

POH : Path Overhead 

POI : Path Overhead Indicator 

PON : Passive Optical Network 

POP : Point of Presence 

POP : Post Office Protocol 

POS : Point of Sale 

POTS : Plain Old Telephone Service 

PPD : Partial Packet Discard 

PPM : Pulse Per Million 

PPP : Point-to-Point Protocol 

PPS : Pulse Per Second 

PRI : Primary Rate Interface 

PRM : Partner Relation Management 

PRN : Pseudo Random Noise 

PROM : Programmable Read Only Memory 

PSA : Professional Service Automation 

PSD : Power Spectral Density 

PSDN : Packet Switched Data Network 

PSG : Programmable Sound Generator 

PSK : Phase Shift Keying 

PSS : Performance Support System 

PSTN : Public Switched Telephone Network 

PT : Payroad Type 

PT : Pocket Telephone 

PTF : Powerline Telecommunications Forum 

PTI : Payload Type Identifier 

PTN : Personal Telephone Number 

PUP : Parc Universal Packet 

PUREG : Power Up Registration 

PVC : Permanent Virtual Channel 

PVC : Permanent Virtual Circuit 

PVCC : Permanent Virtual Channel Connection 

PVP : Permanent Virtual Path 

PVPC : Permanent Virtual Path Connection 

PWM : Pulse Width Modulation 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

QA : Quality Assurance 

QAM : Quadrature Amplitute Modulation 

QC : Quality Control 

QD : Queuing Delay 

QFC : Quantum Flow Control 

QoS : Quality of Service 

QPSK : Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 

QPSX : Queue Packet and Synchronous Circuit Exchange 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

R&D : Research and Development 

RA : Radiocommunication Assembly 

RACE : Research and development in Advanced Communications technologies for Europe 

R-ADSL : Rate-Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line 

RAI : Remote Alarm Indication 

RAID : Redundant Array of Independent Disk 

RAM : Random Access Memory 

RAMP : Reliable Adaptive Milticast Protocol 

RARP : Reverse Address Resolution Protocol 

RASP : Remote Antenna Signal Processor 

RBB : Residential Broadband 

RBOC : Regional Bell Operating Company 

RC : Radio Control 

RC : Routing Control 

RCC : Radio Common Carrier 

RCU : Remote Cell Unit 

RD : Route Descriptor 

RDF : Remote Decrease Factor 

RDI : Remote Defect Idenfication 

RDI : Remote Defect Indication 

RDP : Reliable Datagram Protocol 

RDS : Radio Data System 

RECC : Reverse Analog Control Channel 

RED : Random Early Detection 

REL : Release Message 

RELP : Residual-Excited Linear Predictive Coding 

RF : Radio Frequency 

RFC : Request For Comments 

RFI : Radio Frequency Interference 

RFIC : Radio Frequency IC 

RGB : Red-Green-Blue 

RI : Routing Information 

RII : Routing Information Indicator 

RIP : Routing Information Protocol 

RITL : Radio-in-the-Loop 

RISC : Reduced Instruction Set Computer 

RJE : Remote Job Entry 

RLC : Release Computer 

RM : Resource Management 

RMFP : Reliable Multicast Framing Protocol 

RMP : Reliable Multicast Framework 

RMS : Root Mean Square 

ROADS : Running Out of ADress Space 

ROM : Read Only Memory 

ROLC : Routing Over Large Clouds 

RPC : Remote Procedure Call 

RPE-LTP : Regular Pulse Excitation-Long Term Prediction 

RPM : Revolutions Per Minute 

RSA : Rural Service Area 

RSSI : Radio Signal Strength Indicator 

RSVP : ReSource reserVation Protocol 

RT : Real Time 

RT : Remote Terminal 

RTCP : RTP Control Protocol 

RTD : Research & Technology Development 

RTI : Real Time Interrupt 

RTL : Resistor Transistor Logic 

RTO : Round Trip time-Out 

RTOS : Real Time Operating System 

RTP : Realtime Transport Protocol 

RTS : Request To Send 

RTS : Residual Time Stamp 

RTSP : Real Time Streaming Protocol 

RTT : Round Trip Time 

RT-VBR : Real-Time Variable Bit Rate 

RU : Replication Unit 

RVC : Reverse Analog Voice Channel 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

S

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SA : Source MAC address 

SAAL : Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer 

SACK : Selective ACKnowledgement 

SAN : Storage Area Network 

SAP : Service Access Point 

SAP : Session Announcement Protocol 

SAR : Segmentation and Reassembly Sublayer 

SAW : Surface Acoustic Wave 

SAT : Supervisory Audio Tone 

SB-ADPCM : Sub Band-Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation 

SBC : Single Board Computer 

SCCP : Signaling Connection Control Part 

SCI : Science Citation Index 

SCI : Serial Communication Interface 

SCM : Station Class Mrk 

SCP : Service Control Point 

SCR : Sustainable Cell Rate 

SCSI : Small Computer System Interface 

SCSP : Server Cache Synchronization Protocol 

SDCC : Supplementary Digital Color Code 

SDH : Synchronous Digital Hierarchy 

SDLC : Synchronous Data Link Control 

SDML : Signed Document Markup Language 

SDP : Session Description Protocol 

SDU : Service Data Unit 

SDR : Session DiRectory 

SE : switching Element 

SE : System Engineer 

SEAL : Simple and Efficient Adaptation Layer 

SECAM : Sequential Couleur a Memoire 

SET : Secure Electronic Transaction 

SF : Switching Fabric 

SFS : System-level File Server 

SG : Signal Ground 

SGCP : Simple Gateway Control Protocol 

SGM : Segmentation Message 

SGML : Standard Generalized Markup Language 

SGMP : Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol 

SGW : Service Gateway 

SI : Service information 

SI : System Integration 

SID : Signaling Identifier 

SID : System Identification 

SIM : Subscriber Interface Module 

SIMM : Single Inline Memory Module 

SIO : Serial Input and Output 

SIP : Session Initiation Protocol 

SIP : Simple IP 

SIPP : Simple Internet Protocol Plus 

SIPP : SMDS Interface Protocol 

SIR : Sustained Information Rate 

SLA : Service Level Agreement 

SLIP : Serial Line Internet Protocol 

SMC : Sleep Mode Connection 

SMDS : Switched Multi-megabit Data Services 

SMF : Single Mode Fiber 

SMIL : Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language 

SMS : Short Message Service 

SMS : Service Management System 

SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 

SNA : Storage Area Network 

SN : Sequence Number 

SN : Service Node 

S/N : Signal to Noise 

SNA : System Network Architecture 

SNAP : Sub Network Access Protocol 

SNMP : simple Network Management Protocol 

SNP : Sequence Number Protection 

SNR : Signal to Noise Ratio 

SO : Serail Output 

SOA : Start Of Authority 

SOH : Section Overhead 

SOHO : Small Office Home Office 

SONAR : SOund NAvigation and Ranging 

SONET : Synchronous Optical NETwork 

SP : Stack Pointer 

SP : Signal Processor 

SP : Switching Point 

SPCS : Stored Program Controlled Switch 

SPE : Synchronous Payload Envelope 

SPF : Shortest Path First 

SPI : Serial to Parallel Interface 

SPID : Service Protocol Identifier 

SPL : Sound Pressure Level 

SPLL : Software PLL 

SPS : Service Provider System 

SPTS : Single Program Transport Stream 

SQL : Structured Query Language 

SR : Shift Register 

SR : Source Routing 

SRAM : Static Random Access Memory 

SRC : Strategic Review Committee 

SRF : Specifically Routed Frame 

SRM : Scalable Reliable Multicast 

SRT : Specifically Routing Transparent 

SRTS : Synchronous Residual Time Stamp 

SS : Spread Spectrum 

SSB : Single Sideband 

SSCF : Service Specific Coordination Protocol 

SSCOP : Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol 

SSCS : Service Specific Convergence Sublayer 

SSD : Share Secret Data 

SSL : Secure Socket Layer 

SSP : Service Switching Point 

SST : Secure Transaction Technology 

ST : Segment Type 

ST : Signaling Tone 

ST-II : Stream Transport protocol-II 

STB : Set Top Box 

STE : Section Terminating Equipment 

STE : Spanning Tree Explorer 

STM : Synchronous Transfer Mode 

STP : Signaling Transfer Point 

STP : Shielded Twisted Pair 

STS : Synchronous Time Stamp 

STS-n : Synchronous Transport Signal-n 

STU : Set Top Unit 

SUT : System Under Test 

SVB : switched Video Broadcasting 

SVC : Switched Virtual Channel 

SVC : Switched Virtual Connection (ATM) 

SVCI : Switched Virtual Circuit Identifier 

S-VGA : Super Video Graphics Array 

SVP : Switched Virtual Path 

SW : Short Wave 

SWG : Sub-Working Group 

SWR : Standing Wave Ratio 

SWS : Silly Window Syndrome 

SYN : SYNchronizing segment 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

T

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

TA : Terminal Adapter 

TACS : Total Access Communication System 

TAPI : Telephony Application Programmable Interface 

TASI : Time Assignment Speech Interpolation 

TB : Tranparent Bridging 

TC : Transaction Capabilities 

TC : Tranmission Convergence 

TCAP : Transaction Capabilities Application Part 

TCI : Test Cell Input 

TCO : Test Cell Output 

TCP : Transmission Control Protocol 

TCP/IP : Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol 

TCS : Transmission Convergence Sublayer 

TCXO : Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator 

TD : Tunnel Diode 

TDD : Time Division Duplex 

TDJ : Transfer Delay Jitter 

TDM : Time Division Multiplexing 

TDMA : Time Division Multiple Access 

TDX : Time Division Switching system 

TE : Terminal Equipment 

TEI : Terminal Endpoint Identifier 

TFTP : Trivial File Transfer Protocol 

THD : Total Harmonic Distortion 

TIA : Telecommunication Industry Association 

TIPS : Tera Instruction Per Second 

TLI : Transport Layer Interface 

TLV : Type/Length/Value 

TM : Traffic Management 

TMN : Telecommunications Management Network 

TMP : Test Management Protocol 

TMSWG : Traffic Management Sub-Working Group 

TMTP : Tree-based Multicast Transport Protocol 

TNS : Transit Network Selection 

TO : Telecommunications Operator 

TOLR : Transmit Objective Loudness Rating 

TOPS : Traffic Operator Position System 

TOS : Type Of Service 

TPCC : Third Party Call Control 

TPEG : Transport Protocol Experts Group 

TPON : Telephony over Passive Optical Network 

TR : Transmitter 

TRPB : Truncated Reverse Path Broadcast 

TRS : Telecommunications Relay Services 

TRS : Trunked Radio Service 

TS : Time Sharing 

TS : Time Stamp 

TS : Transport Stream 

TS : Time Slot 

TSAP : Transport Service Access Point 

TSPS : Traffic Service Position System 

TTA : Telecommunications Technology Committee 

TTL : Time To Live 

TTL : Transistor Transistor Logic 

TTS : Text-to-Speech conversion 

TV : TeleVision 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

U 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

UA : User Agent 

UART : Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter 

UBR : Unspecified Bit Rate 

UCT : Universal Coordinated Time 

UDP : User Datagram Protocol 

UDSL : Unidirectional HDSL(High data rate Digital Subscriber Line) 

UE : User Element 

UHF : Ultra High Frequency 

UHV : Ultra High Vacuum 

UI : User Interface 

UIFN : Universal International Freephone Number 

uKorea : Ubiquitous Korea 

ULP : Upper Layer Protocol 

UMA : Universal Multimedia Access 

UMS : Unified Messaging System 

UMTS : Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service 

UNI : User Network Interface 

UP : User Plane 

UPC : Usage Parameter Control 

UPS : Uninterruptible Power Supply 

UPT : Universal Personal Telecommunications 

URL : Uniform Resource Locator 

URSI : Union Radio Scientifique International 

UT : Upper Tester 

UTC : Universal Time Code 

UTOPIA : Universal Test & Operations PHY Interface for ATM 

UTP : Unshielded Twisted Pair 

UUCP : Unix to Unix Copy Program 

UUCP : Unix-to-Unix Communication Protocol 

UV : UltraViolet 

UVA : UltraViolet Alpha 

UVB : UltraViolet Beta 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

V 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VA : Volt Ampere 

VAN : Value Added Network 

VASP : Value Added Service Provider 

VAT : Visual Audio Teleconferencing 

vBNS : very high performance Backbone Network Service 

VC : Virtual Connection (ATM) 

VCH : Virtual Channel Handler 

VCC : Virtual Channel Connection 

VCI : Virtual Channel Identifier 

VCI : Virtual Circuit Identifier 

VCI : Virtual Connection Identifier 

VCO : Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 

VCR : Video Cassette Recorder 

VCVS : Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source(filter) 

VDT : Video Display Terminal 

VDSL : Very high bit rate Digital Subscriber Line 

VESA : Video Electronics Standards Association 

VFW : Video Graphics Windows 

VGA : Video Graphics Array 

VHDL : Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Descriptive Language 

VHF : Very High Frequency 

VHS : Video Home System 

VIC : Video Conference 

VIP : Video Information Provider 

VLAN : Virtual Local Area Network 

VLB : VESA Local Bus 

VLF : Very Low Frequency 

VLR : Visitor Location Register 

VLSI : Very Large Scale Integration 

VML : Vector Markup Language 

VMTP : Versatile Message Tranfer Protocol 

VOD : Video On Demand 

VP : Virtual Path 

VPI : Virtual Path Identifier 

VPIM : Voice Profile for Internet Messaging 

VPH : Virtual Path Handler 

VPN : Virtual Private Network 

VP/VC : Virtual Path, Virtual Circuit 

VPC : Virtual Path Connection 

VPCI/VCI : Virtual Path Connection Identifier/Virtual Channel Identifier 

VPI : Virtual Path Identifier 

VQ : Vector Quantization 

VR : Virtual Reality 

VRAM : Video Random Access Memory 

VRML : Virtual Reality Modeling Language 

VRTP : Virtual Reality Transfer Protocol 

VS : Virtual Scheduling 

VSAT : Very Small Aperture satellite Terminals 

VSAT : Very Small Aperture Terminal 

VSELP : Vector Sum Excited Linear Predictive Coding(IS-54 speech encoding) 

VSWR : Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 

VT : Vertual Terminal 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

w

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

W3C : World Wide Web Consortium 

WAIS : Wide Area Information Server 

WAN : Wide Area Network 

WAP : Wireless Application Protocol 

WARC : World Administrative Radio Conference 

WAS : Web Application Server 

WATS : Wide Area Telecommunications Service 

WBI : Web Based Instruction 

WCPE : Wireless Customer Premises Equipment 

WD : Working draft 

WDM : Wavelength Division Multiplexing 

WG : Working Group 

WFQ : Weighted Fair Queuing 

WLAN : Wireless LAN 

WLL : Wireless Local Loop 

WML : Wireless Markup Language 

WORM : Write Once Read Many 

WP : World Processor 

WS : Workstation 

WSCI : Web Service Choreography Interface 

WSCL : Web Service Conversation Language 

WSFL : Web Service Flow Language 

WTO : World Trade Organization 

WWW(W3) : World Wide Web 

WYSIWYG : What You See Is What You Get 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

X

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XDR : eXternal Data Representation 

XML : eXtensible Markup Language 

XMTR : Transmitter 

XNS : Xerox Network System 

X/OPEN : UNIX-Open Systems 

XOR : Exclusive-OR gate 

XTALK : Crosstalk 

XSL : eXtensible Stylesheet Language 

XTP : eXpress Transfer Protocol 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Y

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Y2k : Year 2000 

YAG : Yttrium Aluminum Garnet 

YIG : Yttrium Iron Garnet 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Z